论叶适思想的“致用”指向  

On the“Practical”Orientation of Ye Shi's Thought

作　　者：田萌萌 TIAN Meng-meng

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2022年第3期45-54,共10页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA237)——中国古代都城文化与古代文学及相关文献研究。

摘　　要：朱熹指斥叶适事功之学为“舍道义之涂”的“功利”学说,但从叶适思想的“致用”指向看,事功之学实是对“道义”的追崇与践行。叶适思想成长于理学诸派共同主张经世致用而又对“用”持有不同认知的时代语境,其“效果”优于“动机”思想内核的形成,主要得益于南宋社会政治现实。叶适作为南宋官员的政治身份,使其“致用”思想不只局限于哲学范畴而且转化为了切实的政治实践。尤其开禧帅守建康期间,叶适以个体作为有力地扭转了北伐战局,对南宋社会具有重要实用价值和现实意义。Ye Shi's theory of Utilitarianism was denounced by Zhu Xi as the“utilitarian”theory of“sacking morality and justice”.However,from the perspective of Ye Shi's thought of“application”,Ye Shi's theory of Utilitarianism is essentially the pursuit and practice of“morality”.Ye Shi's thoughts are concentrated on the level of governance,scholarship,and literary performance,which are clearly“practical”characteristics.Ye Shi's thought grew up in the context of an era in which all schools of Neo-Confucianism have the same principle of management and practical application,and have different cognitions of“use”.And its“effect”is superior to the“motivation”ideological core,directly derived from the social reality of the Southern Song Dynasty.The political status of officials in the Southern Song Dynasty enabled Ye Shi's“practical”thinking not only to be confined to philosophy,but to the real political practice.Especially during Kaixi period,guarding Jiankang,Ye Shi effectively reversed the battle of the Northern Expedition,which has important practical value and practical significance to the society of the Southern Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：叶适 事功之学 “致用” 政治实践 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学] K203[历史地理—历史学]