云斑尖塘鳢与线纹尖塘鳢杂交种肌肉营养成分分析  

Analysis of Nutrient Composition in Muscle of Hybrid Sleeper Oxyeleotris marmoratus ♀ and O. lineolatus ♂

作　　者：苏换换 马冬梅[1] 朱华平[1] 林明辉[1] 樊佳佳[1] 池金泉 梁康威 SU Huanhuan;MA Dongmei;ZHU Huaping;LIN Minghui;FAN Jiajia;CHI Jinquan;LIANG Kangwei(Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application&Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China;Guangzhou Ruifeng Fishery Development Limited Company,Guangzhou 511447,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业农村部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广东广州510380 [2]广州锐沣渔业发展有限公司,广东广州511447

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第2期258-265,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家水产种质资源共享服务平台项目(2019DKA30470);广东省级促进经济发展专项(现代渔业发展用途)项目(粤农2019B6);佛山市特色水产创新创业服务中心建设项目(2017A040403008)。

摘　　要：为科学评价云斑尖塘鳢、线纹尖塘鳢及其杂交种肌肉的营养价值,采用国内外通用的营养测定方法对3种尖塘鳢的常规营养组分、氨基酸组分、脂肪酸组分以及矿物质元素进行测定与比较分析。试验结果显示,3种尖塘鳢水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量分别为75.80%~79.23%、18.33%~19.23%、0.62%~1.63%和1.20%~1.33%。其中杂交尖塘鳢肌肉中的粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量显著高于云斑尖塘鳢(P<0.05),且粗脂肪含量显著高于线纹尖塘鳢(P<0.05)。杂交尖塘鳢肌肉的总鲜味氨基酸最高,但与其他2种尖塘鳢相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。必需氨基酸评分结果显示,3种尖塘鳢的必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值高于联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织评分模式,接近全鸡蛋白蛋白质模式。3种尖塘鳢肌肉中共检测到26种脂肪酸,其中杂交尖塘鳢的不饱和脂肪酸的含量为78.51%,显著高于云斑尖塘鳢的不饱和脂肪酸含量(64.02%)(P<0.05)。杂交尖塘鳢肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸含量为48.18%,显著高于线纹尖塘鳢多不饱和脂肪酸含量(P<0.05),而与云斑尖塘鳢相比,未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。试验结果表明,云斑尖塘鳢、线纹尖塘鳢和杂交尖塘鳢均为营养价值高的鱼类,其中杂交尖塘鳢在氨基酸和脂肪酸组分和含量上均略优于亲本,具有一定的杂种优势。In order to evaluate the nutritional value and freshness of muscle in sleeper Oxyeleotris marmoratus, O. lineolatus and their hybrid, the contents of approximate nutritional, amino acid, and fatty acid compositions and mineral elements of three populations were determined and compared by the general nutritional determination methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fatty and crude ash were 75.80%—79.23%, 18.33%—19.23%, 0.62%—1.63% and 1.20%—1.33%, respectively in which the crude protein and crude fatty contents in the muscle were significantly higher in the hybrids than those in the others(P<0.05). The crude fat content was significantly higher than that of O. lineolatus(P<0.05) with the maximal total delicious amino acid in the muscle in the hybrid, and without significant difference(P>0.05). The ratio of essential amino acids(EAA) to total amino acids of the three populations was found to be higher than the FAO/WHO scoring model and close to the whole chicken protein model. A total of 26 fatty acids were detected in the muscles of O. marmoratus, O. lineolatus and the hybrids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids was 78.51% in the hybrids, significantly higher than that in O. marmoratus(64.02%)(P<0.05).The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle of the hybrids was 48.18%, significantly higher than that of O. lineolatus. It can be seen that the three groups are high nutritional value, and the composition and that contents of amino acids and fatty acids of the hybrid are slightly superior to those of its parents, showing a certain heterosis.

关 键 词：云斑尖塘鳢 线纹尖塘鳢 肌肉 氨基酸 脂肪酸 矿物元素 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]