不同维持剂量枸橼酸咖啡因对辅助通气早产儿的疗效评估:一项初步多中心研究  

Clinical effect of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in the treatment of preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation:a pilot multicenter study

作　　者：杨洋[1] 卢刻羽 程锐[1] 周勤[2] 方广东[2] 李洪[3] 邵婕 王淮燕 李征瀛 刘松林[7] 李振光 蔡金兰[9] 薛梅[10] 陈筱青[11] 潘兆军[12] 高艳[13] 黄莉[14] 李海英 宋磊[16] 王三南[17] 舒桂华 邬薇[19] 余孟珠 许准 李红新 徐艳 包志丹[24] 吴新萍[25] 叶莉[26] 董雪萍[27] 殷其改[28] 殷小平[29] 周金君[30] 江苏省早产儿呼吸衰竭协作组 YANG Yang;LU Ke-Yu;CHENG Rui;ZHOU Qin;FANG Guang-Dong;LI Hong;SHAO Jie;WANG Huai-Yan;LI Zheng-Ying;LIU Song-Lin;LI Zhen-Guang;CAI Jin-Lan;XUE Mei;CHEN Xiao-Qing;PAN Zhao-Jun;GAO Yan;HUANG Li;LI Hai-Ying;SONG Lei;WANG San-Nan;SHU Gui-Hua;WU Wei;YU Meng-Zhu;XU Zhun;LI Hong-Xin;XU Yan;BAO Zhi-Dan;WU Xin-Ping;YE Li;DONG Xue-Ping;YIN Qi-Gai;YIN Xiao-Ping;ZHOU Jin-Jun;Jiangsu Premature Infant Respiratory Failure Cooperation Group(Department of Neonatology,Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿科,江苏南京210000 [2]无锡市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏无锡214002 [3]苏州大学附属儿童医院新生儿科,江苏无锡215002 [4]南京市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏南京210000 [5]常州市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏常州213004 [6]无锡市儿童医院新生儿科,江苏无锡214023 [7]徐州市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏徐州221010 [8]徐州市儿童医院新生儿科,江苏徐州221002 [9]盐城市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏盐城224001 [10]泰州市人民医院新生儿科,江苏泰州225339 [11]江苏省人民医院新生儿科,江苏盐城210029 [12]淮安市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏淮安223022 [13]连云港市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏连云港222006 [14]东南大学附属中大医院新生儿科,江苏南京210009 [15]南通大学附属医院新生儿科,江苏南通226019 [16]南通市第一人民医院新生儿科,江苏南通226006 [17]苏州市立医院新生儿科,江苏苏州215008 [18]扬州大学附属苏北人民医院新生儿科,江苏扬州225003 [19]南京医科大学大学第二附属医院新生儿科,江苏南京211103 [20]江苏大学附属医院新生儿科,江苏镇江212001 [21]盐城市第一人民医院新生儿科,江苏盐城224006 [22]常州市儿童医院新生儿科,江苏常州213002 [23]徐州医科大学附属医院新生儿科,江苏徐州221004 [24]江阴市人民医院新生儿科,江苏无锡214499 [25]扬州市妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏扬州225007 [26]宿迁市人民医院新生儿科,江苏宿迁223865 [27]徐州市第一人民医院新生儿科,江苏徐州221002 [28]连云港市第一人民医院新生儿科,江苏连云港222002 [29]泰兴市人民医院新生儿科,江苏泰州225499 [30]南通大学附属妇幼保健院新生儿科,江苏南通226007 [31]不详

出　　处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2022年第3期240-248,共9页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨需要辅助通气和枸橼酸咖啡因治疗的早产儿枸橼酸咖啡因的最佳维持剂量。方法回顾性收集2019年1月1日至2019年12月31日江苏省30家三级医院新生儿重症监护病房中需要辅助通气和枸橼酸咖啡因治疗的早产儿566例(胎龄≤34周)的临床资料。依据生后24 h内给予枸橼酸咖啡因负荷剂量20 mg/kg后接受高(每日10 mg/kg)或低(每日5 mg/kg)维持剂量治疗将早产儿分为高剂量组(n=405)和低剂量组(n=161)。对两组早产儿咖啡因应用期间有创/无创通气相关数据进行比较分析。结果与低剂量组比较,高剂量组早产儿辅助通气时对高浓度氧的需求明显降低(P<0.05),无创通气撤除后的吸氧总时间及住院期间总吸氧时间均显著缩短(P<0.01),再次无创通气的比例明显降低(P<0.01),肺表面活性物质及吸入性布地奈德的使用率均显著减少(P<0.05),呼吸暂停及BPD的发生率显著降低(P<0.01),但早产儿喂养不耐受的发生率明显上升(P=0.032)。两组在体重变化、早产儿视网膜病变发生率、脑室内出血发生率、坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率、病死率、咖啡因应用时间等方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论初步多中心研究表明高维持剂量枸橼酸咖啡因(每日10 mg/kg)对治疗我国早产儿人群总体是有益的,并未增加常见不良反应的发生。而对于喂养不耐受的风险,还需要进一步的论证分析,以尽可能排除混杂因素的干扰。Objective To explore the optimal maintenance dose of caffeine citrate for preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 566 preterm infants(gestational age≤34 weeks)who were treated and required assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit of 30 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China between January 1 and December 31,2019.The 405 preterm infants receiving high-dose(10 mg/kg per day)caffeine citrate after a loading dose of 20 mg/kg within 24 hours after birth were enrolled as the high-dose group.The 161 preterm infants receiving low dose(5 mg/kg per day)caffeine citrate were enrolled as the low-dose group.Results Compared with the low-dose group,the high-dose group had significant reductions in the need for high-concentration oxygen during assisted ventilation(P=0.044),the duration of oxygen inhalation after weaning from noninvasive ventilation(P<0.01),total oxygen inhalation time during hospitalization(P<0.01),the proportion of preterm infants requiring noninvasive ventilation again(P<0.01),the rate of use of pulmonary surfactant and budesonide(P<0.05),and the incidence rates of apnea and bronchopulmonary dysplasia(P<0.01),but the high-dose group had a significantly increased incidence rate of feeding intolerance(P=0.032).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the body weight change,the incidence rates of retinopathy of prematurity,intraventricular hemorrhage or necrotizing enterocolitis,the mortality rate,and the duration of caffeine use(P>0.05).Conclusions This pilot multicenter study shows that the high maintenance dose(10 mg/kg per day)is generally beneficial to preterm infants in China and does not increase the incidence rate of common adverse reactions.For the risk of feeding intolerance,further research is needed to eliminate the interference of confounding factors as far as possible.

关 键 词：咖啡因 维持剂量 呼吸 早产儿 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]