基于改进的AHP-SPA的边坡稳定性评价及工程应用  

Evaluation on Slope Stability Based on Improved AHP-SPA and Its Engineering Application

作　　者：李志强[1] 徐斌 王升 文桃[3] LI Zhi-qiang;XU Bin;WANG Sheng;WEN Tao(School of Civil Engineering,Weifang University,Weifang Shandong 261061,China;Weifang Branch,Shandong Hi-speed Group Co.,Ltd.,Weifang Shandong 261100,China;School of Civil Engineering,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China;Geotechnical&Structural Engineering Research Center,Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊学院建筑工程学院,山东潍坊261061 [2]山东高速集团有限公司潍坊分公司,山东潍坊261100 [3]长江师范学院土木建筑工程学院,重庆408100 [4]山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心,山东济南250061

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第1期56-64,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52178347);山东省自然科学基金(ZR202102250668);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0813,cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0133);潍坊市科学技术发展计划(2021GX005);甘肃省科学院青年科技创新基金项目(2019QN-04)。

摘　　要：滑坡灾害是山岭地区影响建筑物、交通线及居民安全的最常见地质灾害之一,研究边坡稳定性的准确判识方法对于有效规避灾害具有重要作用。然而,边坡的失稳问题是一个多因素耦合作用的复杂动力系统,具有明显的确定性与不确定性共存的特征。基于模糊层次分析法(FAHP)与集对分析法(SPA)建立了边坡稳定性评价模型。集对分析法在处理确定性与不确定性问题具有了较强的优势,但该方法只是将系统简单划分为同一、对立、差异,无法全面表征影响因素与危险等级的关联关系,为此将同异反进一步细分为同一、优异、劣异、优反、劣反。为准确量化各个评价指标对边坡稳定性的贡献程度,引入三角模糊数对层次分析法进行改进,采用1~9标度法构造三角模糊数判断矩阵,进而计算出评价指标集的权重向量。统计分析边坡失稳的影响因素,提出了边坡稳定性多层次评价指标体系,选取了坡体形态、岩土体特征、水文状况、诱发因素4个一级指标和15个二级指标。最后,该方法应用于重庆市某岸坡,其评价结果与属性评价模型结果及现场情况相一致,证明了本方法的科学性与合理性,为滑坡灾害的风险辨识提供了一种有效的方法。Landslide is one of the most common geological hazards that can affect the safety of buildings,traffic lines and residents in mountainous areas.The study of accurate identification methods for slope stability plays an important role in effectively avoiding this hazard.However,the slope instability is a complex dynamical system with coupling effect of multiple factors,which has obvious characteristics of certainty and uncertainty.A slope stability evaluation method based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP)and SPA is established.The SPA has strong advantages in dealing with certainty and uncertainty,but it simply divides the system into identity,opposition and difference,which fails to comprehensively characterize the correlation of influencing factors with danger grades.Thus,the identity,opposition and difference are subdivided into identity,good and bad opposition,good and bad difference.In order to accurately quantify the contribution degree of each evaluation indicator to the slope stability,the triangular fuzzy number is introduced to improve the AHP,the triangular fuzzy number judgement matrix is constructed by 1-9 scale method,and then the weight vector of the evaluation indicator set is calculated.The influencing factors of slope instability are statistically analysed,the multi-hierarchy evaluation indicator system of slope stability is established,which includes 4 first-grade evaluation indicators(slope shape,geo-characteristics,hydrologic condition and causing factor)and 15 second-grade evaluation indicators.Finally,the proposed method is applied to a bank slope in Chongqing City.The evaluation result is consistent with the result of the attribute evaluation model and the field situation.It proves that this method is scientific and reasonable,which provides an effective method for the risk identification of landslide.

关 键 词：道路工况 边坡 稳定性评价 集对分析理论 三角模糊层次分析法 工程应用 

分 类 号：U416.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]