自适应粒子群算法在成桥索力优化中的应用  

Application of Adaptive PSO in Optimization of Cable Force of Completed Bridge

作　　者：蔡儆[1] 张宇航 王林柯 杨雅勋[2] 高宏伟 CAI Jing;ZHANG Yu-hang;WANG Lin-ke;YANG Ya-xun;GAO Hong-wei(Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710021,China;School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710064,China;Xi'an Rail Transit Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学,陕西西安710021 [2]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [3]西安市轨道交通集团有限公司,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第1期81-87,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878059)。

摘　　要：系杆拱桥合理成桥状态的确定对指导其施工具有重要的意义,在众多影响系杆拱桥结构状态的因素中,吊杆的索力值对其合理成桥状态影响最为直接。为确定系杆拱桥合理成桥状态下的索力,使其在该索力值下拱桥的线形平顺、受力合理,以系梁的弯矩和轴力做为索力约束条件,通过影响矩阵原理对系梁的弯矩和轴力加以约束从而得到索力的目标函数,再对该目标函数进行求解从而得到对应吊杆的索力值。由于系杆拱桥的吊杆较多,目标函数过于复杂不易求解。为了对索力的目标函数进行快速准确的求解,将粒子群优化算法加以改进使其能够根据索力值的好坏来自适应调节算法惯性权重的大小,从而改善算法的收敛能力,达到对算法性能优化的目的。再将优化后的粒子群算法做为求解目标函数的工具,同时利用有限元软件和数值分析软件将优化后的粒子群算法与目标函数结合从而实现吊杆索力的自动求解。结果表明:在系梁弯矩和轴力构造的目标函数下求解的吊杆索力能够使拱桥成桥状态达到受力合理、线形均匀的目的,且在结合自适应权重的粒子群算法后,能够使系杆拱桥的索力求解中达到收敛速度快、索力合理,并使误差落在允许范围内的效果,为实际施工控制中索力计算提供了一种高效的求解思路。The determination of the reasonable completion state of tied arch bridge is of great significance to guide its construction.Among the many factors that affect the structural state of tied arch bridge,the cable force value of the suspender has the most direct influence on its reasonable completion state.In order to determine the cable force of tied arch bridge under the reasonable completion state,and make the arch bridge’s geometric shape and force smooth and reasonable under this cable force value,taking the bending moment and axial force of the tie beam as the constraint condition of cable force,the bending moment and the axial force of the tie beam are constrained by the influence matrix principle to obtain the objective function of the cable force,and then the objective function is solved to obtain the corresponding cable force value of the suspender.Due to the large number of suspenders in tied arch bridge,the objective function is too complex and difficult to be solved.In order to solve the objective function of cable force quickly and accurately,the PSO algorithm is improved so that it can adaptively adjust the inertia weight of the algorithm according to the value of the cable force,so as to improve the convergence ability of the algorithm and optimize the performance of the algorithm.Then the objective function is solved by using the PSO algorithm,and the automatic solution of the suspension cable force is realized combining the PSO algorithm with the objective function by using FE software and numerical analysis software.The optimization result shows that the suspender cable force solved by using the objective function constructed by bending beam moment and axial force can make the tied arch bridge’s completion state bear reasonable force and have uniform geometric shape.Combining PSO algorithm with adaptive weight,the solution of cable force of tied arch bridge can achieve the effect of fast convergence speed,reasonable cable force,and the error within the allowable range,which provides an efficien

关 键 词：桥梁工程 成桥索力优化 自适应权重 系杆拱桥 影响矩阵 

分 类 号：U44[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]