复杂环境下不同心理旋转能力人群步行导航行为研究  

Study on Walking Navigation Behaviors of People with Different Mental Rotation Ability in the Complex Environment

作　　者：黄薇[1] 马颖玉 吴剑锋 矫东芳 彭程 HUANG Wei;MA Ying-yu;WU Jian-feng;JIAO Dong-fang;PENG Cheng(School of Design and Architecture,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China;Industrial Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学设计与建筑学院,杭州310023 [2]浙江工业大学工业设计研究院,杭州310023

出　　处：《人类工效学》2021年第6期1-10,共10页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(编号:21NDJC038YB)。

摘　　要：目的研究复杂道路环境下不同心理旋转能力人群移动导航行为差异及其对寻路任务效率的影响,并对移动导航应用提出优化建议。方法利用心理旋转能力测试挑选30名能力强弱差异显著的被试;借助观察法、访谈法和出声思考法,收集被试在路况复杂的小区中步行寻路实验中的行为数据,分析不同心理旋转能力被试的步行寻路导航策略及其寻路绩效差异性。结果(1)复杂环境下,不同心理旋转能力被试在导航地图的辅助下全部可以完成寻路任务,且心理旋转能力强的被试寻路效率相对更高,主要体现为出错次数和回退次数低(P<0.05);(2)不同心理旋转能力被试在寻路过程中会采用遵守型、参考型、自由型三等典型的导航使用策略,但心理旋转能力强弱与策略的选用之间没有明显的差异性(P>0.05)。结论复杂环境下人们对导航地图的使用策略和寻路绩效均有不同,可根据不同人群的差异性需求和可用性问题对导航界面的信息内容进行优化。Objective To study the differences in mobile navigation behaviors of people with different mental rotation abilities in complex road environments and their effects on the efficiency of pathfinding tasks,and to propose optimization for mobile navigation applications.Methods 30 subjects with significant differences in abilities were selected in a mental rotation ability test;with the help of observation method,interview method and voice thinking method,behavior data of the subjects in the walking wayfinding experiment in complex road conditions were collected,and the differences of navigation strategies and pathfinding performance of participants with different mental rotation ability were analyzed.Results(1)In the complex environment,subjects with different mental rotation abilities can all complete pathfinding tasks with the aid of navigation maps,and subjects with strong mental rotation capabilities are relatively more efficient in pathfinding,which is mainly reflected in the lower number of errors and retracing(P<0.05);(2)The subjects with different mental rotation abilities use three typical navigation strategies of compliance,reference,and free navigation in the process of pathfinding,but there is no obvious difference between mental rotation ability and the choice of strategy(P>0.05).Conclusion In complex environments,people have different strategies for using navigation maps and pathfinding performance.The information content of the navigation interface can be optimized according to the different needs and usability issues of different groups of people.

关 键 词：产品设计 移动端步行导航 寻路 复杂环境 心理旋转能力 行为研究 复杂小区 可用性 界面 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] TU984.12[哲学宗教—心理学]