有氧和厌氧环境下指示微生物的稳定性特征  

The stability of microbiological indicators in aerobic and anaerobic environment

作　　者：张杨 郑前兴 吴仁人 李国栋 钟义 陈中颖 韦思业 李开明 ZHANG Yang;ZHENG Qian-xing;WU Ren-ren;LI Guo-dong;ZHONG Yi;CHENG Zhong-ying;WEI Si-ye;LI Kai-ming(South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Guangzhou 510655,China;Faculty of Environment Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [2]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2022年第3期1327-1334,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2020A1515011109);广州市科技计划项目(202002030377);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(PM-zx703-202104-070,PM-zx703-202104-128,PM-zx703-202104-064)。

摘　　要：建立有氧和厌氧水环境模拟反应器,利用荧光定量PCR和高通量测序技术探究了猪源拟杆菌标记物、部分指示微生物和潜在致病菌在有氧及厌氧水环境中的变化特征.结果表明,指示微生物Streptococcaceae、Lactobacillaceae、Carnobacteriaceae、Ruminococcaceae、Lachnospiraceae和Prevotellaceae在不同反应器中均呈现出衰减趋势,但在有氧环境中的衰减幅度显著大于厌氧环境.因此,这几类指示微生物在有氧条件下适用于解析近期发生的污染事件.拟杆菌标记物GenBac和Pig-2-Bac在有氧环境和厌氧环境中均表现出二阶段衰减模式,且第一阶段为主要衰减阶段.但拟杆菌标记物在有氧环境中的衰减速率显著大于厌氧环境,表明有氧环境中拟杆菌标记物的稳定性较差.相关性分析显示潜在致病菌Prevotella、Pseudomonas和Erysipelothrix与拟杆菌标记物表现出较好的相关性(P<0.05),但仅Prevotella与标记物在有氧和厌氧环境中的相关性系数较为接近(0.913~0.953),表明拟杆菌标记物可作为Prevotella的指示标记物.We investigated the variations of pig-associated genetic markers, several microbiological indicators and potential pathogens in anaerobic and aerobic treatments using qPCR and Illumina sequencing methods. The six indicators(Streptococcaceae、Lactobacillaceae、Carnobacteriaceae、Ruminococcaceae、Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae) had a similar decay trend in anaerobic and aerobic treatments, but these taxa persisted longer in anaerobic than aerobic treatments. Hence, the six indicators all can be used for identifying the recent pollution issues in aerobic water environment. The genetic markers including Gen Bac and Pig-2-Bac showed biphasic decay model in both aerobic and anaerobic treatments, and the first decay stage contributed the majority decay.However, the decay rates of genetic markers were significantly higher in aerobic than anaerobic treatments, which suggests the poor stability of the markers in aerobic water environment. For the identified potential pathogens, the Bacteroidales genetic markers presented higher correlation with Prevotella, Pseudomonas and Erysipelothrix(P<0.05), but only Prevotella showed similar correlation coefficient in both anaerobic and aerobic treatments(0.913~0.953), which demonstrate the usefulness of the Bacteroidales genetic markers for predicting the presence of Prevotella.

关 键 词：粪便污染 微生物污染源解析 标记物 指示微生物 稳定性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]