2016—2020年吉林省公共场所卫生状况分析  

Analysis of public health status in Jilin Province, 2016—2020

作　　者：李蓓 何英华[2] 苏海涛[2] 潘阳[2] 李娟[1] 宋秀玲[1] 徐坤[1] LI Bei;HE Ying-hua;SU Hai-tao;PAN Yang;LI Juan;SONG Xiu-ling;XU Kun(School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China;Institute of Environmental and Health Factors Prevention and Control,Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Jilin Provincial Institute of Public Health))

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院,长春130000 [2]吉林省疾病预防控制中心(吉林省公共卫生研究院)环境与健康因素预防控制所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2022年第2期120-124,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：吉林省发展改革委员会项目(2020C038-7)。

摘　　要：目的了解吉林省重点公共场所卫生状况,掌握主要健康危害因素,为加强公共场所卫生管理和政府决策提供技术支持和科学依据。方法根据国家方案及相关标准,对吉林省2016—2020年宾馆(酒店)、候车室、理发店、美容店、沐浴场所、游泳馆和商场(超市)等七类场所健康危害因素进行采样和监测。结果 2016—2020年吉林省共监测656家场所,检测健康危害因素55 477项次,合格51 934项次,总合格率为93.61%,宾馆(酒店)、理发店、美容店、沐浴场所、游泳馆等场所不同年份合格率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。公共用品用具总合格率为95.36%,公共场所空气质量总合格率为90.68%,不同场所公共用品用具和空气质量合格率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。各类公共用品用具中,候车室自动扶梯合格率最低(76.53%),沐浴场所毛巾合格率最高(99.34%)。其中菌落总数为主要不合格指标,候车室自动扶梯合格率最低(53.06%),美容店床单合格率较高(98.09%)。空气质量中温度、湿度合格率分别为32.04%、78.56%,商场(超市)噪声合格率(48.33%)最低。浴池水消毒剂余量和浊度合格率偏低,游泳馆水质不合格指标为氧化还原电位、pH值、消毒剂余量、游离性余氯以及菌落总数。结论 2016—2020年吉林省公共场所卫生状况总体较好,公共用品用具卫生状况、沐浴场所和游泳馆水质状况仍有待提高,应加强公共场所的消毒管理和消毒效果的监督。Objective To understand the health status of key public places in Jilin Province, master the main health hazard factors, and provide technical support and scientific basis for strengthening the health management of public places and government decision-making.Methods According to the national plan and relevant standards, the health hazard factors of seven kinds of places in Jilin Province were sampled and monitored from 2016 to 2020, including hotels(inns), waiting rooms, barbershops, beauty shops, bathing places, natatorium and shopping malls(supermarkets).Results A total of 656 sites were monitored in Jilin Province from 2016 to 2020, 55 477 health hazard factors were detected, 51 934 were qualified, and the total qualified rate was 93.61%. The qualified rate of hotels(inns), barbershops, beauty shops, bathing places, natatorium and other places had statistical significance in different years(P<0.001).The total qualified rate of public supplies was 95.36%, and the total qualified rate of air quality in public places was 90.68%. The difference of qualified rate of public supplies and air quality in different places was statistically significant(P<0.001).Among all kinds of public goods, the qualified rate of escalators in waiting rooms was the lowest(76.53%),and the qualified rate of towels in bathing places was the highest(99.34%). The qualified rate of escalator in waiting room was the lowest(53.06%), and the qualified rate of bed sheet in beauty shop was the highest(98.09%). In air quality, the qualified rate of temperature and humidity was 32.04% and 78.56% respectively, and the qualified rate of noise in shopping malls(supermarkets) was 48.33%. The qualified rate of disinfectant allowance and turbidity in bath water is low, and the unqualified indexes of natatorium water are redox potential, pH, disinfectant allowance, free residual chlorine and total number of bacteria.Conclusion The sanitary condition of public places in Jilin Province is generally good from 2016 to 2020, but the sanitary condition of publ

关 键 词：公共场所 公共用品 空气质量 菌落总数 游离性余氯 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]