企业向人工智能创新生态系统演化研究  

Enterprise Evolution to Artificial Intelligence Innovation Ecosystem

作　　者：丁玲[1] 杨明春 吴金希 章晓发 DING Ling;YANG Mingchun;WU Jinxi;ZHANG Xiaofa(Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation,MOFCOM,Beijing 100710,China;School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Yugan Middle School,Jiangxi Province,Yugan 335100,China)

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,北京100710 [2]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084 [3]江西省余干中学,江西上饶335100

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2022年第1期138-158,共21页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD075,21ZDA012)。

摘　　要：从世界竞争格局看,人工智能逐渐成为各国竞相角逐的科技制高点。本研究以百度为案例研究对象,探讨传统互联网向人工智能企业升级过程中,创新生态系统的演化路径、特征和机理。百度创新生态系统共经历PC互联网、移动互联网和人工智能三阶段,遵循偏应用型—相互交替型—双元均衡型的演化路径、特征,对应一元观—对立观—双元观的演化机理,演化的深层次原因在于百度建立了个人信任组织—个人信任个人—组织信任组织的信任生态传导机制。中国等新兴互联网企业通过构筑双元均衡型创新生态系统,可以解决创新悖论难题,提升人工智能持续创新能力。In the world competition pattern, artificial intelligence(AI) has gradually become the commanding heights of science and technology. Its development level directly affects many aspects of national economic and social life. At present, China’s AI innovation ecosystem is facing the problems of "technology blockade", "industrial transfer decoupling" and "manufacturing reflux", and most of the AI core technologies are monopolized by foreign advanced AI enterprises. Innovation ecosystem evolution is an important way of enterprise digital upgrade. This study explores the evolution path,characteristics and mechanism of the innovation ecosystem in the process of upgrading from traditional Internet to AI enterprises. It attempts to open the "black box" of the evolution from traditional Internet to AI innovation ecosystem.The longitudinal case study method was adopted in this study. It is conducive to summarizing best practices and constructing theoretical models in complex environments, and discovering the process and key turning points of the evolution from traditional Internet to AI innovation ecosystem. The reasons for choosing Baidu as the research object are as follows:(1) Baidu has successful experience in upgrading to the AI innovation ecosystem;(2) The research team have a deep understanding of the development process of Baidu’s innovation ecosystem, and have first-hand interview data and internal data;(3) Through multi-level innovation, Baidu has built innovation ecosystem from the aspects of organizational structure, system and strategic direction, and realized the diversification of revenue structure.Baidu’s innovation ecosystem has experienced three stages: PC Internet, mobile Internet and AI. The first stage: innovation resources are less, innovation focuses on winning the existing market and achieving short-term stable income,however, exploratory innovation is at a low level. The second stage: the main business is relatively stable, exploratory innovation is promoted, and exploitation innovation is ite

关 键 词：创新生态系统 人工智能 演化趋势 组织双元化 信任机制 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]