供应链核心企业订单分配下供应商群体减排行为演化  

Evolution of Suppliers’Emission Reduction Behavior under the Order Allocation Rule of Focal Firm

作　　者：于晓慧 肖条军[1] 杜建国[2] YU Xiao-hui;XIAO Tiao-jun;DU Jian-guo(School of Management and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学工程管理学院,江苏南京210093 [2]江苏大学管理学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2022年第2期106-117,共12页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71871112,71471076);江苏省“333工程”科研项目(BRA2019040)。

摘　　要：环保消费者认为供应链中的核心企业要对其供应商的环境表现负责。供应商群体的环境表现影响核心企业的市场吸引力,这驱动核心企业激励其供应商群体减排。本研究为供应链核心企业设计一种同时考虑供应商批发价格和减排量的订单分配方法。基于Multi-Agent思想构建了一个包含供应商群体、核心企业、消费者群体的计算实验模型,并借助计算机动态模拟多主体在多周期的决策和交互过程,从宏观角度探索供应商群体减排行为的演化路径,并从微观上剖析内在影响机理。实验结果显示,该订单分配方法能获得既激励供应商群体减排又提高核心企业自身收益的效果;当消费者群体环境意识的分布一定时,核心企业的激励作用有限;核心企业的订单分配是激励供应商群体减排的直接手段,环保消费者的购买行为是推动供应商群体减排的根本动力。这些结论对现实中供应链核心企业制定订单分配规则和政府制定环境政策具有一定的管理启示。Focal firm’s work is usually outsourced to a number of suppliers.Consumers suggest that the focal firm is responsible for suppliers’environmental performance.Thus,the focal firm’s market demand is affected by suppliers’environmental performances.This promotes focal firms to stimulate their suppliers to reduce emissions.Allocating orders to suppliers is the focal firm’s regular decision.Thus,there is no need to sign extra contracts if the focal firm stimulates suppliers to reduce emissions through order allocation process.It has been found that the reason why focal firms have the ability to influence their suppliers’behavior is that they have the power to allocate orders.In this study,an order allocation method that could stimulate suppliers to reduce emissions is designed a for focal firm.An agent-based computational experiment model which consists of a focal firm,suppliers and consumers is established.Consumers have heterogeneous environmental awareness which is reflected in their heterogeneous requirements for suppliers’emission reductions.If suppliers’average emission reductions meet the consumer’s requirement,the consumer would purchase a product of the focal firm.The focal firm allocates orders according to suppliers’wholesale prices and emission reductions and weighs the two factors.Suppliers dynamically adjust their emission reductions according to their profits.With the help of object-oriented programs,agents’decision process and their interactions are realized,including each supplier’s emission reductions decision,orders competition among suppliers,the focal firm’s order allocation process,and each consumer’s purchase decision.Through the multi-cycle simulations,the evolutionary trajectory and intrinsic mechanism of suppliers’emission reduction behavior are explored.Some results are obtained:(1)This order allocation method is an effective way to stimulate suppliers to reduce emission.When the focal firm pays more attention to emission reductions in order allocation,suppliers

关 键 词：供应链核心企业 订单分配 减排行为 计算实验 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]