清代南阳张仲景行业神信仰研究  

On the Deification of Zhang Zhongjing as God(Sage)of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张悦[1] 张永乐 ZHANG Yue;ZHANG Yongle(School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2022年第2期118-124,共7页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“宋元道教医疗社会史研究”,项目编号:20CZJ017。

摘　　要：各地祠庙之中作为医药神祇的张仲景形象,是张仲景历史文化的重要组成部分。若用行业神信仰这一新视角去观察医药群体对张仲景的信仰活动,可发现在清代的南阳地区医药界,形成了独具地域特色和行业特色的张仲景行业神信仰。张仲景行业神信仰以张仲景为主神,以南阳医圣祠为主要活动平台。通过举行祭祀、集会和研讨活动,南阳医药界从中收获了情感的满足和竞争力的提升。因地区医药行会需要而形成的张仲景行业神信仰,最终也随着医药行会的变革而退出了历史舞台。清代南阳地区医药界张仲景行业神信仰,是张仲景历史文化新的补充。The image of Zhang Zhongjing(circa AD 150-219)as the God of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)in various temples is an important part of Zhang Zhongjing history and culture.If we observe the worship activities of the medical community towards Zhang Zhongjing from the new perspective of the deification of professional elites,we can find that Zhang Zhongjing was widely worshipped as the God or Sage of TCM by the medical community in Nanyang during the Qing Dynasty(1636-1912 AD).Such a phenomenon is endowed with unique regional and trade-specific characteristics.The deification of Zhang Zhongjing manifested itself in treating Zhang Zhongjing as the main god and rendering the Nanyang Medical Sage Ancestral Temple as the main platform for worship activities.By holding sacrifices,gatherings and seminars,Nanyang medical community gained emotional satisfaction and improved their competitiveness.However,with the reform of the medical guild,the deification of Zhang Zhongjing,which was formed due to the needs of the regional medical guild,would eventually step down from the stage of history.The deification of Zhang Zhongjing as God of TCM in the medical field of Nanyang in the Qing Dynasty enriched the history and culture concerning Zhang Zhongjing.

关 键 词：张仲景 行业神 南阳 中医药行业 医圣文化 

分 类 号：R222[医药卫生—中医基础理论]