《政务处分法》双轨处分制度之实践问题与破解  

Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Discipline for Public Officials of the Practical Problem and Solution of the Two Track Discpiline System

作　　者：朴宗根 乔良 PIAO Zonggen;QIAO Liang(School of Criminal Law,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xian 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学刑事法学院,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2022年第2期108-118,共11页Qilu Journal

基　　金：最高人民检察院检察理论研究重点课题“检察机关服务保障平安中国建设研究”(GJ2021B03)。

摘　　要：《政务处分法》双轨处分制度具有激活主体责任,规范专责监督的重大意义,但存在任免机关、单位管辖判断标准模糊、管辖冲突等制度性“间隙”,也存在对历史演变与现实运行的模糊认识,影响双轨处分制度的实践运行,导致监察机关处分案件占比较高的情形,过多消耗监察资源,影响监督治理效能的提升。为此,应从制度层面促进双轨主体协同发力,出台《政务处分法》的配套规定,细化双轨处分主体管辖、标准及争议解决规则。具体破解路径:一是明确任免机关、单位管辖判断标准;二是明确双重管辖冲突处理规则;三是明确监察机关监督任免机关、单位处分的法律概念;四是完善任免机关、单位处分制度的程序性规定;五是制定合理的考评考核制度。The dual track discipline system in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Discipline for Public officials is of great significance to activate the main responsibility of appointments and removals of the organ or units for public officials and standardize the special supervision of supervisory agencies,but it is difficult to solve the difficulties in practice.There are some institutional problems,such as fuzziness of the judgment criteria for the appointments and removals of organs or units and the conflict of jurisdiction,and so on.Meanwhile There is also a fuzzy understanding of the historical evolution and practical operation.So,those problems affects the practical operation of the dual track discipline system and produce a relativel high proportion of cases punished by the supervision organ,It will consume too much supervision resources and affect the improvement of supervision and governance efficiency.Therefore,we should promote the coordinated development of dual track subjects at the institutional level,issue the supporting provisions of the administrative discipline for public officials law,and refine the jurisdiction,standards and dispute resolution rules of dual track subjects.The specific solutions are as follows:first,clarify the judgment criteria for the jurisdiction of appointments and removals of the organ or units for public officials;Second,clarify the conflict handling rules of dual jurisdiction;the third is to clarify the legal concept of the punishment of the supervisory organ supervising the appointments and removals of the organ or units for public officials;fourth,improve the procedural provisions of the punishment system of appointments and removals organs or units for public officials;fifth,formulate a reasonable evaluation system.

关 键 词：《政务处分法》 双轨处分 双重监督 监察管辖 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]