结构功能理论视角下我国“三大球”积弱现象根源探究  

Decadency of Football, Basketball and Volleyball in China Based on Structure-Function Theory Perspective

作　　者：张麟寰[1] 张丽[1] 刘征 ZHANG Linhuan;ZHANG Li;LIU Zheng(Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang 110102,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院,辽宁沈阳110102

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2022年第2期39-46,共8页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金资助课题(21BTY098)。

摘　　要：为探索近年来我国“三大球”发展在世界赛场上竞技成绩持续滑坡、职业联赛市场混乱以及人才萎缩和后备力量薄弱等现象的本质,依托帕森斯的结构功能理论,运用AGIL分析范式将我国“三大球”社会发展结构划分为以赛事体系为代表的行为有机系统、以精神内涵体系为代表的人格系统、以人才培养体系为代表的社会系统和以体制体系为代表的文化系统4个子系统。研究发现我国“三大球”积弱现象的根源:赛事体系无法满足现实需求、精神内涵的影响力不足、后备人才培养体系空心化严重和发展的制度体系与市场脱节。针对这些根源性问题,结合我国体育强国建设的历史背景提出具体破解路径:(1)丰富并完善我国“三大球”发展的赛事体系;(2)树立并培养我国“三大球”发展的精神内涵;(3)多体系培养我国“三大球”发展的后备人才;(4)推进并改革我国“三大球”发展的制度体系。In order to explore the nature of the decadency of the development of Chinese football, basketball and volleyball in recent years, such as the continuous decline of competitive performance on the world stage, the chaos of the professional league market, and then to the shrinking of talents and weak reserve forces, relying on Parsons’ structure-function theory, the AGIL analysis paradigm is used to divide the social development structure of Chinese football, basketball and volleyball into four subsystems: the organic system of behavior represented by the tournament system, the personality system represented by the spiritual connotation system, the social system represented by the talent cultivation system and the cultural system represented by the institutional system.The study shows that the root causes of the decadency of football, basketball and volleyball in China are: the tournament system cannot meet the real demand;the influence of spiritual connotation is not enough;the cultivation of reserve talents is seriously hollow, and the system and mechanism of development are divorced from the market.In view of these root causes, combined with the historical background of the construction of China’s sports power, this paper puts forward specific solutions: firstly, to enrich and improve the tournament system for the development of football, basketball and volleyball in China;secondly, to establish and cultivate the spiritual connotation of the development of football, basketball and volleyball in China;thirdly, to cultivate a multi-system for the reserve talents of the development of football, basketball and volleyball in China;fourthly, to promote and reform the institutional system for the development of football, basketball and volleyball in China.

关 键 词：三大球 积弱现象 结构功能理论 AGIL 功能失灵 

分 类 号：G84[文化科学—体育训练]