说“甗”  

On Yan(甗)

作　　者：梁慧婧 LIANG Hui-jing(Beijing Institute of Chinese Ancient Literature-based Language and Cultural Inheritance,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学北京文献语言与文化传承研究基地,北京100083

出　　处：《语言研究》2022年第1期95-101,共7页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金研究基地重点项目“北京地区三大博物馆收藏青铜器自名、定名整理与研究”(19JDYYA001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“文献语言学学科建设与发展的创新平台”(19PT05)。

摘　　要："甗"是古代的蒸炊具,它由甑和鬲复合而来。甗在商代为象形字,两周金文中多用"獻"或"鬳"字表示。"獻"的本义为进献,当蒸炊器讲,是假借用法。"獻"与"甗"之语音关系,应是舌根部位清浊鼻音的关系。"甗"得名于高义,甗为疑母字,疑母字中有一系列字包含高义。春秋以后分体甗盛行,"甗"的名称渐渐式微,"甑"的名称渐渐兴起。"甗"在汉代在某些出土文献中仍有使用,在方言中也有保存,之后就渐渐淡出了语言系统。Yan(甗)is an ancient steaming cooker,which is composed of Zeng(甑)and Li(鬲).In the Shang(商)Dynasty,it was a Hieroglyphic Character,which was mostly represented by the word Xian(獻)or Yan(鬳)in the inscriptions on bronze of the Zhou(周)Dynasty.The original meaning of Xian(獻)is offering.When it is used as a steamer,it is a phonetic loan character.The phonetic relationship between Xian(獻)and Yan(甗)should be the relationship between voiceless and voiced nasal sound.Yan(甗)gets its name from the meaning"high".Yan(甗)’s initial is Yi(疑).A series of words with Initial Yi(疑)contain the meaning"high".After the Spring and Autumn period,the separated Yan(甗)became popular,the name of Yan(甗)gradually declined,and the name of Zeng(甑)gradually rose.Yan(甗)was still used in some unearthed documents and preserved in dialects in the Han(汉)Dynasty,and then gradually faded out of the language system.

关 键 词：甗 獻 假借 清鼻音 词源 甑 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]