山东半岛不同种群鳗草种子形态学特征及萌发特性研究  

Studies on Morphological and Germination Characteristics of Zostera marina Seed from Different Populations in Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：谢坤秀 牛淑娜 迟会凯 张沛东[1] Xie Kunxiu;Niu Shuna;Chi Huikai;Zhang Peidong(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期43-52,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0901302);国家自然科学基金项目(42076100);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201822021)资助。

摘　　要：为探明不同种群鳗草(Zostera marina)种子的形态学特征及萌发特性,于2019年7月,采集山东半岛天鹅湖、俚岛湾和汇泉湾种群的鳗草种子,开展了不同种群种子形态学特征、营养贮存物质、萌发特性与实生苗存活、生长和光合生理的对比分析。研究显示:(1)汇泉湾种群的鳗草种子规格最大,平均长径达3.69 mm,平均百粒质量达0.98 g;(2)各种群鳗草种子的营养贮存物质均以总糖为主(>46%),其中天鹅湖种群种子的总糖含量最高,达62%,显著高于俚岛湾和汇泉湾种群种子的总糖含量(p<0.05);(3)经人工促萌,天鹅湖种群的种子萌发率和实生苗存活率显著高于汇泉湾种群,分别是其1.6和3.0倍(p<0.05);(4)不同种群种子形态学特征和营养贮存物质的聚类分析显示,不同种群间种子存在明显差异,其中天鹅湖和俚岛湾种群的种子聚为一类,而汇泉湾种群的种子单独聚为一类;(5)主成分分析(PCA)和曲线拟合显示,种子萌发率及实生苗存活率与种子总糖含量呈显著的线性正相关关系,与种子质量呈显著的线性负相关关系(p<0.05);(6)天鹅湖种群的实生苗规格、光合色素含量和光合速率均为最高值,显著高于俚岛湾种群(p<0.05)。综合分析认为,山东半岛不同种群的鳗草种子在形态学特征和萌发特性上存在显著差异,其中种子的萌发特性主要取决于种子的总糖含量。In this study,we investigated the morphological characteristics and germination characteristics of Zostera marina seeds of different populations.In July 2019,Z.marina seeds from Swan Lake,Lidao Bay and Huiquan Bay populations of Shandong Peninsula were collected to analyze and compare the morphological characteristics,storage of nutrients,germination characteristics and seedlings survival,growth and photosynthetic physiology.(1)The size of Z.marina seeds in Huiquan Bay population was the largest with an average length of 3.69 mm and an average Mass per hundred seeds of 0.98 g.(2)The storage nutrients of Z.marina seeds each population were mainly total sugar(>46%).The total sugar content of seeds from Swan Lake population was the highest(62%),which was significantly higher than that of seeds from Lidao Bay and Huiquan Bay populations(p<0.05).(3)After artificially promoted germination,the seed germination rate and seedling survival rate in Swan Lake population were 1.6 times and 3.0 times higher than those in Huiquan Bay population(p<0.05).(4)The cluster analysis of seed morphological characteristics and nutrient storages of different populations showed that there were obvious differences in seeds among different populations.The seeds of Swan Lake and Lidao Bay populations were clustered into one clade while the seeds of Huiquan Bay populations was clustered into another clade.(5)Principal component analysis(PCA)and curve fitting showed that the seed germination rate and seedling survival rate had significant linearly positive correlations with the total sugar content of seeds,and significant linearly negative correlations with seed mass(p<0.05).(6)Seedling size,photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic rate of Swan Lake population were the highest,which were significantly higher than those of Lidao Bay population(p<0.05).Comprehensive analysis showed that there were significant differences in morphological characteristics and germination characteristics of Z.marina seeds from different populations in Shand

关 键 词：鳗草 种子 规格 萌发率 总糖含量 实生苗 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]