夏季遮阳对温室能量平衡及辣椒生长和品质的影响  

Effects of Shading on Greenhouse Energy Balance and Pepper Growth and Quality in Summer

作　　者：赵子臣 梁浩[2,3] 康欣娜 许超 王丽萍[1] 贾兵国 ZHAO Zichen;LIANG Hao;KANG Xinna;XU Chao;WANG Liping;JIA Bingguo(College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,Hebei 056038;Research Center for Vegetables,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097;Key Laboratory of North China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097;Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050050)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [3]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097 [4]石家庄市农林科学研究院,河北石家庄050050

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第4期51-55,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-06);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力专项资助项目(KJCX20200430);河北省创新能力提升计划资助项目(21526901D);邯郸市设施蔬菜工程技术研究中心后补助经费资助项目(20312904053)。

摘　　要：以辣椒品种"国禧109"为试材,采用田间温室大棚土壤栽培的方法,研究了有无遮阳网覆盖对温室小气候和辣椒植株蒸腾作用的影响,以及有无遮阳网覆盖对辣椒生长量及果实品质的影响,以期为设施遮阳降温措施的改进和推广提供参考依据。结果表明:采用透光70%的黑色遮阳网进行覆盖的温室内太阳辐射强度及温室温度均得到显著降低,同时根据Penman-Monteith模型,通过计算得出采用透光70%的黑色遮阳网进行覆盖的温室内辣椒植株的蒸腾速率较无遮阳网覆盖的温室显著降低,从而降低了温室的蒸腾作用;与无遮阳网覆盖的温室相比,采用透光70%的黑色遮阳网进行覆盖的温室内的辣椒产量提高了39.3%,维生素C含量提高了21.2%,可溶性糖含量提高了54.7%。夏季温室大棚采用遮阳处理可以显著提高辣椒果实的产量与品质。Taking pepper variety‘Guoxi 109’as test material,and the method of field greenhouse soil cultivation was used.The effects of shade net coverage on the greenhouse microclimate and pepper plant transpiration,as well as the influence of shade net coverage on pepper growth and fruit quality were studied,in order to provide reference for improvement and promotion of shade net to cooling.The results showed that the solar radiation intensity and the greenhouse temperature in the greenhouse of the covered with black shading net with 70%light transmission were significantly reduced.At the same time,according to the Penman-Monteith model,the transpiration rate of the pepper plants in the greenhouse of the covered with black shading net with 70%light transmission was significantly lower than that of the no shading net coverage,thereby reducing the greenhouse temperature.Compared with greenhouse without shading net,the pepper yield of the greenhouse covered with black shading net with 70%light transmission increased by 39.3%,the vitamin C content increased by 21.2%,and the soluble sugar content increased by 54.7%.The use of shading in summer greenhouses could significantly improve the yield and quality of pepper fruits.

关 键 词：遮阳网 温室小气候 Penman-Monteith模型 辣椒生长品质 蒸腾作用 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]