不同苦瓜品种营养和功能成分含量及总抗氧化能力比较  

Comparison of Nutritional and Functional Components and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Different Momordica charantia Varieties

作　　者：张红梅[1] 金海军[1] 余纪柱[1] 崔佳维 何立中[1] 丁小涛[1] Zhang Hongmei;Jin Haijun;Yu Jizhu;Cui Jiawei;He Lizhong;Ding Xiaotao(Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology,Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai,201106)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第3期967-976,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(沪农科创字[2020]第1-4号);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设项目(农科创2017[B-06])共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究比较了25个不同品种(系)苦瓜果肉中营养成分、功能成分含量和总抗氧化能力差异,并分析了功能性成分与苦瓜总抗氧化能力的相关性,以期为鲜食和加工型苦瓜品种选育、苦瓜功能食品开发提供依据。结果表明,不同品种(系)苦瓜果肉维生素C、可溶性蛋白、纤维素、氨基酸和总酸含量呈显著性差异,平均值分别为85.71μg/g、7.98 mg/g、319.04 mg/g、1.45 mg/g、0.41%,变异系数分别为28.47%、29.07%、11.05%、43.45%、12.20%。不同品种(系)苦瓜总皂苷、多糖、类黄酮和总酚含量呈显著性差异,平均值分别为5.02 mg/g、38.36 mg/g、2.64 mg/g、7.68 mg/g,变异系数分别为45.62%、25.47%、21.97%、18.49%。不同苦瓜品种(系)1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼自由基(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy, DPPH)、2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt, ABTS+)和铁离子还原能力(Ferric reducing/antioxidant power, FRAP) 3种抗氧化能力的平均值分别为1.73、67.38、11.62μmol Trolox/g,变异系数分别为19.65%、17.25%、31.50%。总酚含量与苦瓜总抗氧化能力呈显著性相关。研究发现,25个品种(系)苦瓜果肉的营养物质含量、功能性成分含量和抗氧化值具有显著的基因型差异,果肉中的总酚含量是苦瓜抗氧化活性的主要物质基础。在苦瓜新品种选育以及栽培中应当根据不同的用途选择对应的品种,有利于发挥品种的优势和商用价值。The differences of nutrient content, functional component content and total antioxidant capacity of 25 different varieties(lines) of Momordica charantia were compared, and the correlation between functional components and the total antioxidant capacity of Momordica charantia was analyzed, so as to provide the basis for the breeding of fresh and processed Momordica charantia varieties and the development of functional food of Momordica charantia. The results showed that the contents of vitamin C, soluble protein, cellulose, amino acid and total acid in pulp of different varieties(lines) were significantly different, the average values were 85.71 μg/g,7.98 mg/g, 319.04 mg/g, 1.45 mg/g, 0.41%, and the c oefficient of variation were 28.47%, 29.07%, 11.05%,43.45% and 12.20%, respectively. There were significant differences in the contents of total saponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids and total phenols in different varieties(lines), with the average values of 5.02 mg/g, 38.36 mg/g,2.64 mg/g and 7.68 mg/g, respectively. The number of variation lines was 45.62%, 25.47%, 21.97% and 18.49%,respectively. The average antioxidant capacity of DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy), ABTS+(2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt) and FRAP(Ferric reducing/antioxidant power) were1.73 μmol Trolox/g, 67.38 μmol Trolox/g and 11.62 μmol Trolox/g, respectively, and the variation coefficients were 19.65%, 17.25% and 31.50%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between total phenol content and total antioxidant capacity of Momordica charantia. Over all, there were significant genotypic differences in the contents of nutrients, functional components and antioxidant value in the pulp of 25 varieties(lines), and the total phenol content in the pulp was the main material basis for the antioxidant activity of Momordica charantia. In the breeding and cultivation of new bitter gourd varieties, the corresponding varieties should be selected according to different uses, which is conducive to the devel

关 键 词：苦瓜(Momordica charantia) 营养成分 功能性成分 总抗氧化能力 相关性 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学] TS255.1[农业科学—园艺学]