青贮添加剂对天然草地牧草青贮品质的影响  

Effect of different silage additives on the silage quality of natural grassland forage

作　　者：吴春会[1] 王明亚 郭郁频[2] 李运起[1] 李秋凤[1] 敖特根白音[1] 王佳 郭亮娜 WU Chunhui;WANG Mingya;GUO Yupin;LI Yunqi;LI Qiufeng;AO Tegenbaiyin;WANG Jia;GUO Liangna(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北北方学院动物科技学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第4期90-95,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北坝上天然草地牧草青贮品质调控技术研究与示范项目;河北省现代农业产业技术体系草业创新团队项目(HBCT2018160205);河北省科技计划项目(18227511D)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出适于河北坝上天然草地牧草的青贮添加剂及最佳添加量,试验分别在供试牧草中添加不同水平的乳酸菌(分别为0.01 g/kg、0.02 g/kg、0.03 g/kg)、蔗糖(分别为0.50 g/kg、1.00 g/kg、1.50 g/kg、2.00 g/kg)和纤维素酶+木聚糖酶组合[12 U/g木聚糖酶(组合1)、6 U/g纤维素酶+9 U/g木聚糖酶(组合2)、12 U/g纤维素酶+6 U/g木聚糖酶(组合3)、18 U/g纤维素酶+3 U/g木聚糖酶(组合4)、24 U/g纤维素酶(组合5)]进行青贮,以不添加任何添加剂的供试牧草作为对照组,60 d后进行感官评定、发酵品质的评定、营养成分及相对饲用价值(RFV)的测定。结果表明:0.02 g/kg乳酸菌处理组、2.00 g/kg蔗糖处理组、组合1酶处理组和组合3酶处理组的感官评定等级均为1级(优良),优于对照组(2级,尚好)。不同水平乳酸菌处理组pH值均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其中0.03 g/kg乳酸菌处理组pH值最低;不同水平蔗糖处理组pH值与对照组均差异不显著(P>0.05);除组合4酶处理组pH值与对照组差异不显著外(P>0.05),其他组合酶处理组pH值均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但均显著高于0.03 g/kg乳酸菌处理组(P<0.05)。不同水平乳酸菌和蔗糖处理组的氨态氮含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);除组合2酶处理组的氨态氮含量与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其他组合酶处理组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。不同水平乳酸菌处理组乳酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中0.03 g/kg乳酸菌处理组乳酸含量最高;不同水平蔗糖处理组乳酸含量与对照组均差异不显著(P>0.05);不同组合酶处理组乳酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但均显著低于0.03 g/kg乳酸菌处理组(P<0.05)。不同水平乳酸菌处理组乙酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);除1.50 g/kg蔗糖处理组乙酸含量显著高于对照组外(P<0.05),其他水平蔗糖处理组与对照组均差异不显著(P>0.05);除组合4酶处理组的乙酸含量与对照组差异不显In order to screen out the silage additives and the optimal addition amounts suitable for the natural grassland forage in Bashang of Hebei province, in the experiment, different levels of lactic acid bacteria(0.01 g/kg, 0.02 g/kg, 0.03 g/kg), sucrose(0.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg, 2.0 g/kg) and cellulase + xylanase combination(12 U/g xylanase [combination 1], 6 U/g cellulase +9 U/g xylanase [combination 2], 12 U/g cellulase +6 U/g xylanase [combination 3], 18 U/g cellulase +3 U/g xylanase [combination 4], 24 U/g cellulase[combination 5]) were added to the experimental forage, respectively. The experimental forage without any additives was used as the control group. Sensory evaluation was conducted after 60 days. Fermentation quality assessment, nutrient contents and relative feeding value(RFV) determination were performed. The results showed that the sensory evaluation grade of 0.02 g/kg lactic acid bacteria treatment group, 2.00 g/kg sucrose treatment group, combination 1 enzyme treatment group and combination 3 enzyme treatment group was grade 1(excellent), which was superior to the control group(grade 2, fair).The pH value in different levels of lactic acid bacteria treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05) and the pH value of 0.03 g/kg lactic acid bacteria treatment group were the lowest.There was no significant difference in the pH value between different levels of sucrose treatment group and the control group(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the pH value in the combined enzyme treatment groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05) except for the combination 4 enzyme treatment group(P>0.05), but they were significantly higher than those in 0.03 g/kg lactic acid bacteria treatment group(P<0.05).The ammoniacal nitrogen content in different levels of lactic acid bacteria and sucrose treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). The ammoniacal nitrogen content in the combination enzyme treatment groups was significantly lower than that

关 键 词：天然草地牧草 青贮 乳酸菌 蔗糖 酶 添加剂 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]