计算机辅助下单侧完全性唇腭裂术前矫治器应用过程中的鼻托调整对矫正鼻孔形态效果的研究  

Effect of Nose Pad Adjustment on Correction of Nostril Shape During the Application Process of Computer-assisted Preoperative Appliance for Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate

作　　者：闫怡轩[1] 陈宇翔 黄群[1] YAN Yixuan;CHEN Yuxiang;HUANG Qun(Department of Stomatological, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院口腔科,广东广州511400

出　　处：《口腔医学研究》2022年第3期234-237,共4页Journal of Oral Science Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2018YFC1002604)。

摘　　要：目的:观察在应用术前采用鼻-牙槽塑形矫治器治疗单侧完全性唇腭裂婴儿过程中,使用计算机辅助模拟调整鼻托位置对鼻小柱形态改善的作用。方法:取单侧完全性唇裂、腭裂患儿25例作为术前鼻-牙槽塑形技术的实验组,在治疗前后分别测量鼻小柱倾斜度、鼻孔的高度、宽度、牙槽突裂裂隙,在1~6周和3个月两个时间段测量鼻小柱倾斜度、鼻孔的高度、宽度和牙槽突裂裂隙,并对记录的数据进行统计分析。结果:经术前鼻-牙槽塑形治疗的实验组患者,鼻孔高度增加较明显,而且非常明显地减小了鼻小柱倾斜度、鼻孔宽度以及牙槽突裂裂隙,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组未行唇腭裂术前鼻牙槽塑形治疗的患儿鼻小柱斜度与鼻孔高度无明显变化,但鼻孔宽度和牙槽突裂裂隙却明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:计算机辅助设计下指导术前正畸矫治器的鼻托调整,对于单侧完全性唇腭裂患儿的鼻孔形态效果的矫正有良好的效果,利于降低手术难度。Objective:To observe the effect of using computer-assisted simulation to adjust the position of nose pad on improving the shape of nasal columella during the treatment of infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate before the operation.Methods:Twenty-five children with unilateral complete cleft lip and cleft palate were selected as the experimental group.The inclination angle of the nasal columella,the height and width of the nostril,and alveolar cleft before and after treatment were measured.Twenty-five patients whose parents refused to undergo preoperative correction were selected as the control group.The inclination of the nasal columella,the height and width of the nostrils,and the alveolar fissure were measured at 1-6 weeks and 3 months.Results:In the experimental group,the height of the nostril increased significantly,and the inclination of the nasal columella,the width of the nostril,and the alveolar fissure were significantly reduced(P<0.05).In the control group,there was no significant change in the inclination of the nasal columella and the height of the nostrils in the children who did not undergo nasal alveolar shaping before cleft lip and palate surgery(P>0.05).However,the width of the nostril and the fissure of the alveolar process were still significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:The computer-aided design guides the adjustment of the nose pad of the orthodontic appliance before the operation,which has a good effect on the correction of the nostril shape effect of the children with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate,which is helpful to reduce the difficulty of the operation.

关 键 词：计算机辅助设计 唇腭裂术前鼻-牙槽矫治器 鼻托 鼻小柱 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]