女子拳击运动员有氧和无氧耐力素质与竞技表现的关联性研究  

Research on the Correlation between Endurance Quality and Competitive Performance of Women’s Boxing Athletes

作　　者：曹国欢 王润强[2] 赵彧[2] 温天皓 邵佳 高也 苏浩[2] CAO Guohuan;WANG Runqiang;ZHAO Yu;WEN Tianhao;SHAO Jia;GAO Ye;SU Hao(Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science&Shanghai Anti Doping Agency,Shanghai 200030,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第2期34-40,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2018PT009);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19dz1200700)。

摘　　要：目的:探究女子拳击运动员有氧和无氧耐力素质与竞技表现的关系。方法:于2018—2019年夏训与冬训期间,对20名女子拳击运动员进行有氧耐力和无氧耐力素质指标收集,并对模拟比赛进行录像分析,通过观看回放提取女子拳击运动员时间-运动表现和技战术表现指标。将耐力素质指标测试数据与竞技表现数据进行对应匹配。采用典型性相关分析耐力素质与竞技表现之间的相关关系。结果:1)有氧和无氧耐力素质与竞技表现呈高度正相关关系(r=0.96,r=0.88);2)与竞技表现密切相关的有氧和无氧耐力素质指标为最高血乳酸值(ΔLA_(max))、最大通气量(MVV)、每博输出量(SV)、体脂率(F%);3)与有氧和无氧耐力素质密切相关的竞技表现指标为两拳以上组合次数(2-PC)、活动休息比(A∶R)、总停止时间(TST)、裁判停止时间(RST)、总出拳次数(TP)、每分钟出拳次数(PM)、总防守次数(TD)。结论:1)女子拳击运动员的有氧和无氧耐力素质与竞技表现整体呈高度正相关,有氧和无氧耐力素质的提高均有助于促进竞技表现的提高。2)有氧耐力素质中,最大通气量指标与女子拳击运动员竞技表现正相关程度最高,肺通气能力的变化可能是影响竞技表现发挥的重要因素。3)无氧耐力素质中,最高血乳酸值与女子拳击运动员竞技表现正相关程度最高,良好的乳酸耐受能力和糖酵解能力可能对竞技表现产生强影响。Objective: To clarify the relationship between aerobic and anaerobic endurance quality and competitive performance of women boxers. Methods: A total of 20 women in boxing were studied. The test method is used to collect aerobic endurance and anaerobic endurance quality indicators. The video method was used to extract the time-motion and technique-tactical performance of women boxers. The test data of endurance quality in the same period were matched with the competitive performance data extracted from the video. The typical correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between the two groups of indicators of endurance quality and competitive performance. Results: 1) There is a highly positive correlation between aerobic and anaerobic endurance quality and competitive performance(r=0.96;r=0.88);2) The aerobic and anaerobic endurance quality indicators closely related to competitive performance are ΔLA_(max), MVV, SV and F%;3) the competitive performance indicators closely related to aerobic and anaerobic endurance quality are 2-PC, A∶R, TST, RST, TP, PM and TD. Conclusions: 1) The aerobic and anaerobic endurance qualities are highly positively correlated with the competitive performance of women boxers(r=0.96;r=0.88). The improvement of aerobic and anaerobic endurance qualities can help promote the performance of athletics. 2) Among aerobic endurance qualities, the maximal ventilatory volume has the highest positive correlation with the competitive performance of women boxers. Changes in lung ventilation capacity may be an important factor affecting the performance of competitive performance. 3) Among anaerobic endurance qualities, the highest blood lactic acid value has the highest positive correlation with the performance of women boxers. Higher lactic acid tolerance and glycolytic capacity may be the higher impact on competitive performance.

关 键 词：耐力素质 有氧耐力 无氧耐力 竞技表现 拳击 女子运动员 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]