欧美日化学物质环境排放场景体系对比及启示(下)  

Comparative Study and Enlightenment on Chemical Environmental Emission Scenarios in Europe,America and Japan(Part 2)

作　　者：王蕾 汪贞 古文 范德玲 周林军 刘济宁 石利利 Wang Lei;Wang Zhen;Gu Wen;Fan Deling;Zhou Linjun;Liu Jining;Shi Lili(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China,Nanjing 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2021年第6期37-44,共8页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1801502)。

摘　　要：本文在对比欧美日化学物质环境排放场景体系异同、解析我国现有化学物质环境暴露评估技术的基础上,分析我国化学物质环境排放场景体系的不足并提出进一步完善的建议。欧美日化学物质环境排放场景体系均包含层级化的环境排放估值原则、涵盖多种排放源类型和排放模型,适用于不同层级的环境风险评估,具体技术细节根据各国或地区化学物质环境管理要求等实际情况做出不同设计。这一特点启示我们:完善我国化学物质环境排放场景体系须首先确定化学物质环境排放场景层级框架,明确各层级排放估值原则、排放场景构建计划和方法,建立化学物质排放场景相关导则或规范的制修订工作制度。在此基础上,推进化学物质环境排放场景体系在国内的应用,并根据我国化学物质相关行业发展情况不断更新完善。By comparing the chemical environmental emission scenarios in Europe,America and Japan,some inspirations were proposed for the strengthening of chemical environmental emission scenarios in China based on the deficiencies analysis of the current situation.While chemical environmental emission scenarios in Europe,America and Japan have the common contents of tired emission concentration estimating principles,source release models covering different types of sources,the technical details were adjusted according to their actual situation such as the regional chemical environmental management requirements.It inspired us that to strengthen the chemical environmental emission scenarios,a tired frame needs to be developed in China,on each tire of which the emission concentration estimating principle,the construction plan and the method for emission scenarios needs to be explicitly stipulated.A working mechanism for the guidance drafting and revising is also necessary to guarantee the construction of the tired frame.The strengthened technical exchange and cooperation at home and abroad will further promote the work by gaining latest achievement.Finally the developed emission scenarios need to be verified in practice and updated continuously according to the development of chemical related industries in China.

关 键 词：化学物质 环境排放场景 源排放估值原则 排放源类型 源排放模型 源排放表征 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]