民国时期高等学校系统建构的历史变迁  

On the Historical Changes of the Construction of Higher Education System in the Republic of China

作　　者：梁尔铭[1] LIANG Erming(College of Education,Jinggangshan University,Ji'an,Jiangxi,China,343009)

机构地区：[1]井冈山大学教育学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《教育文化论坛》2022年第2期8-13,共6页Tribune of Education Culture

基　　金：江西省社会科学“十三五”规划一般项目“中国现代高等教育体系建构的历史变迁研究”(18JY20)。

摘　　要：在民国时期高等学校系统建构的历史变迁中,教育界曾尝试过多种不同的高等学校系统模式。民国初期颁行的“壬子癸丑学制”保留了清末大学、专门学校和高等师范学校并立的高等学校系统,然而民国中期“壬戌学制”的出台导致了专门学校和高等师范学校逐渐与大学相混同,直至民国后期“戊辰学制”颁行后专科学校取代专门学校和师范学院的出现,才使高等职业教育和高等师范教育避免了消失的命运。民国时期高等学校系统建构的历史进程表明,高等职业教育和高等师范教育应当独立设置,而不是与高等普通教育混合设置。考察民国时期高等学校系统的建构问题有着重要的理论意义和现实意义,可供当代中国高等学校系统的建构作为借鉴和参考。In the historical changes of the construction of higher education system in the Republic of China, the educational circles tried many different models. Renzi-Guichou educational system in the early Republic of China retained the system of universities, specialized schools and higher normal schools which emerged in the late Qing Dynasty. However, the introduction of Renxu educational system in the middle Republic of China led to the gradual mixture of specialized schools and higher normal schools with universities. It was not until Wuchen educational system was promulgated in the late Republic of China when specialized schools were replaced by vocational school and the emergence of normal colleges that higher vocational education and higher normal education escaped from disappearance. The historical process of the construction of higher education system in the Republic of China indicated that higher vocational education and higher normal education should be set up independently instead of the fusion with regular higher education. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the construction of higher education system in the Republic of China, which can be used as a reference to the construction of higher education school system in contemporary China.

关 键 词：民国时期 高等学校系统 历史变迁 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]