青海省同德牦牛群体的父系遗传多样性及遗传背景探析  

Analysis of Paternal Genetic Diversity and Genetic Background of Tongde Yak Population in Qinghai Provincerovince

作　　者：李广祯 马志杰[1] 陈生梅[1] 林元 李瑞哲 刘书杰[1] 杨国太 周桑加 LI Guang-zhen;MA Zhi-jie;CHEN Sheng-mei;LIN Yuan;LI Rui-zhe;LIU Shu-jie;YANG Guo-tai;ZHOU Sang-jia(Key Laboratory for protection and innovative utilization of plateau livestock genetic resources in Qinghai Province, Academy of animal husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016;Bureau of agriculture, animal husbandry and water conservancy of Tongde County, Qinghai Province, Tongde, 813200)

机构地区：[1]青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省同德县农牧和水利局,青海同德813200

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2021年第6期41-46,共6页China Cattle Science

基　　金：中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(“西部青年学者”)项目(3-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31960656)。

摘　　要：[目的]为从分子水平上揭示青海省同德牦牛的父系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构和遗传背景。[方法]本研究对32头同德公牦牛使用5个Y-SNPs标记(SRY4、USP9Y、UTY19、AMELY3和OFD1Y10)和1个Y-STR标记(INRA189)进行PCR扩增、测序和分型,使用BioEdit、Arlequin和Network等生物信息学软件综合分析同德牦牛的父系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构及父系起源。[结果]32头同德牦牛5个Y-SNPs标记即SRY4(969 bp)、USP9Y(470 bp)、UTY19(290 bp)、AMELY3(971 bp)和OFD1Y10(763 bp)的PCR扩增产物测序长度与先前研究结果一致,INRA189标记分型分析共检测到155 bp、157 bp和159 bp 3个等位基因;在同德牦牛群体AMELY3标记中检测到一个新的Y-SNP位点(即g.719 C>T);基于5个Y-SNPs标记11个Y-SNPs位点和INRA189标记3个等位基因的联合分型,共确定了6种Y染色体单倍型(即Y1H1、Y1H2、Y1H3、Y1H4、Y1H5和Y2H6),Y染色体单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.714±0.060,表明同德牦牛具有丰富的父系遗传多样性;系统发育分析显示同德牦牛由2个父系支系组成(即Y1和Y2),提示其拥有2个父系起源。[结论]同德牦牛拥有特殊的父系遗传信息,具有丰富的父系遗传多样性,由2个父系支系组成,拥有2个父系起源。[Objective]To explore the paternal genetic diversity,population genetic structure and genetic background of Tongde yak in Qinghai Province at the molecular level.[Methods]32 Tongde male yaks were amplified by PCR,sequenced and genotyped using five Y SNPs(SRY4,USP9Y,UTY19,AMELY3 and OFD1Y10)and one Y STR(INRA189)markers.The paternal genetic diversity,population genetic structure and genetic background of Tongde yaks were analyzed based on BioEdit,Arlequin and Network software.[Results]The amplification lengths of five Y SNPs SRY4(969 bp),USP9Y(470 bp),UTY19(290 bp),AMELY3(971bp)and OFD1Y10(763bp)in 32 Tongde yaks were consistent with the previous results.Three alleles including 155 bp,157 bp and 159 bp were detected in INRA189.A new Y SNP(g.719 C>T)was detected at AMELY3 in Tongde yak population.Based on five Y SNPs markers with 11 Y SNPs sites and Y STR INRA189 with three alleles,six Y haplotypes(Y1H1,Y1H2,Y1H3,Y1H4,Y1H5 and Y2H6)were identified totally.The Y haplotype diversity(Hd)was 0.714±060,indicating that Tongde yak has rich paternal genetic diversity.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Tongde yak was composed of two paternal branches(Y1 and Y2),suggesting two paternal origins in Tongde yak.[Conclusion]Tongde yak own special genetic information and has rich paternal genetic diversity,which is composed of two paternal branches with two paternal origins.

关 键 词：牦牛 Y-SNP Y-STR 父系遗传多样性 群体遗传结构 起源 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]