日本环境问题与环境运动的内在逻辑关系  

The Internal Logical Relationship Between Environmental Problems and Environmental Movements in Japan

作　　者：陈祥 CHEN Xiang(Institute of Japanese Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院日本研究所,北京100007

出　　处：《日本问题研究》2022年第1期31-40,共10页Japanese Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“环境史及其对史学的创新研究”(16ZDA122)。

摘　　要：日本的环境问题与环境运动所引发的一系列相关社会问题,需要从长时段的环境史视角进行研究,以补充以往单纯从政治、军事、经济等角度研究日本问题的不足。日本民众反公害运动从二战前的阶级斗争色彩出发,到战后经济高速增长时期的公害斗争,进而发展成为地方住民参加的环境运动,到20世纪90年代中期之后又形成了以实现“环境再生”为目标的新运动模式,促成了日本民众的环境运动演变为更加关注社会治理的建设。这种环境运动变迁主要体现在各个时期环境运动的主体关系构造不同,从这个角度入手,弄清日本环境运动的演变特点,以及各个时期环境运动之间存在的逻辑关联。Japan's environmental problems and environmental movements have caused a series of related social problems,which needs us to study from the perspective of long-term environmental history,in order to supplement the previous study of Japan's problems from the perspective of politics,military and economy.The anti pollution campaign of Japanese people started from the tinge of class struggle before World War II,to the pollution struggle during the period of rapid economic growth after the war,and then developed into an environmental movement participated by local residents.After the mid-1990s,a new movement mode was formed aiming at“environmental regeneration”,which led to the change of Japanese people's environmental movement into more attention to the construction of social system.This change of environmental movement is mainly reflected in the different structure of the subject relationship of environmental movement in each period.This paper will start from this perspective to clarify the evolution characteristics of environmental movement in Japan and the logical relationship between environmental movements in each period.

关 键 词：公害 日本 环境史 环境运动 环境再生 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] K313[历史地理—历史学]