陶瓷刀具与木塑复合材料的摩擦特性分析  

Friction Characteristics Analysis of Ceramic Tool and Wood-plastic Composite Materials

作　　者：宋宇翔 胡勇 贾翀 伍占文 丁建文 SONG Yu-xiang;HU Yong;JIA Chong;WU Zhan-wen;DING Jian-wen(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林业机械与木工设备》2022年第3期70-75,共6页Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment

基　　金：南京林业大学2021年自制实验教学仪器项目(nlzzyq202113)。

摘　　要：目前,陶瓷刀具已开始逐步应用于木材加工领域,但在其加工应用中仍有许多问题亟待解决。通过对氧化铝基陶瓷材料以及氮化硅基陶瓷材料等刀具材料和WPC的摩擦系数以及磨损前后表面形貌的变化进行测试,探讨氧化铝和氮化硅刀具对不同成分配比的木塑复合材料的摩擦特性。研究结果表明,陶瓷刀具对于含钙的WPC材料摩擦系数较大,这是因为钙粉颗粒较其他成分更为粗糙。而氧化铝基陶瓷刀具的摩擦系数又要较氮化硅基更大,这是因为氮化硅基陶瓷刀具的晶粒较氧化铝基略小,分布更加均匀,结构更加密实。陶瓷刀具对于木粉与聚乙烯PE三种不同配比的WPC材料,根据木粉的含量增加,摩擦系数先增大后减小,但塑料基WPC材料在高温下表面性质易发生突变,产生黏着力,使摩擦系数增大。根据实验结果可知,在对于聚氯乙烯PVC基WPC材料的加工中,建议更多地使用氮化硅基陶瓷刀具,而对于聚乙烯PE基WPC材料,摩擦系数相差不大,则两种陶瓷刀具均可。对陶瓷刀具的合理应用有利于改善刀具本身力学性能,降低生产成本,提高产品性能。而木塑复合材料,机械、力学性能优于木材,且可降解,100%回收再生产,降低材料成本,环保节能,且一定程度上能够提高产品质量,为能够设计出更好的木塑复合材料切削刀具以作参考及指导。At present,ceramic tools have been gradually applied in the field of wood processing.However,there are still many problems to be solved in their processing and application.By testing the friction coefficient of alumina-based ceramic materials,silicon nitride-based ceramic materials and other tool materials and WPC,as well as the changes in surface morphology before and after wear,the friction characteristics of alumina and silicon nitride cutters on wood-plastic composites with different composition ratios were discussed.The research results show that the friction coefficient of ceramic tools for calcium-containing WPC materials was larger,because the calcium powder particles are rougher than other components.The friction coefficient of alumina-based ceramic tools is larger than that of the silicon nitride-based ceramic tools,because the grain size of silicon nitride-based ceramic tools is slightly smaller than that of alumina-based ceramic tools,with more uniform distribution and a more compact structure.For WPC materials with different proportions of wood powder and PE,the friction coefficient of ceramic tool increased firstly and then decreased with the increase in the wood powder content.However,the surface properties of plastic-based WPC materials are prone to abrupt change at a high temperature,resulting in adhesive force,thus increasing the friction coefficient.According to the experimental results,in the processing of PVC-based WPC materials,it is recommended to use more silicon nitride ceramic cutting tools,and for polyethylene PE-based WPC materials,both kinds of ceramic cutting tools are okay due to little friction coefficient difference.Reasonable application of ceramic cutting tools is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of cutting tools,reduce production costs and improve product properties.The wood-plastic composite material has better mechanical and mechanical properties than wood,and can be degraded,featuring 100%recycling and reproduction,reduced material cost,environmental protectio

关 键 词：木塑复合材料 陶瓷刀具 摩擦特性 

分 类 号：TS643[轻工技术与工程]