不同形态钼肥对小白菜产量及品质的影响  

Effects of different forms of molybdenum fertilizer on yield and quality of Chinese cabbage

作　　者：刘智琛 李启彪 黄刊 武松伟 胡承孝[1] 谭启玲[1] 孙学成[1] LIU Zhichen;LI Qibiao;HUANG Kan;WU Songwei;HU Chengxiao;TAN Qiling;SUN Xuecheng(Hubei Province Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Microelement Research Center,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学新型肥料湖北省工程实验室/微量元素研究中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2022年第2期30-37,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077095)。

摘　　要：为探究不同形态钼肥对小白菜的产量、品质及矿质养分含量的综合影响,以小白菜“上海青”和“矮脚黄”品种为试验对象,采用随机区组试验设计分别进行田间试验与盆栽试验,共设置6个处理:不施肥(CK)、习惯施肥(NPK)、习惯施肥+钼酸钾(K_(2)MoO_(4),记为NPK+KMo)、习惯施肥+钼酸铵(H_(32)Mo_(7)N_(6)O_(28),记为NPK+AMo)、习惯施肥+氧化钼(MoO_(3),记NPK+BMo)和习惯施肥+纳米三氧化钼(MoO_(3) NPs,记NPK+NMo),比较施用不同形态钼肥后小白菜的产量、品质及矿质养分含量的差异。结果显示,相比NPK处理,各施钼处理均可显著提高田间小白菜菜心和盆栽小白菜地上部的鲜质量,其中NPK+AMo处理的提升效果更佳,可提高32.3%(田间),NPK+NMo和NPK+AMo处理相比NPK处理分别提高30.8%和30.2%(盆栽);各施钼处理均可提高田间小白菜菜心和盆栽小白菜地上部的可溶性蛋白、维生素C和还原性糖含量,降低硝酸盐含量,显著提高田间小白菜菜心的Cu、Mo和Mg含量,与NPK处理相比,NPK+NMo处理盆栽小白菜地上部的Mg、Mo含量增幅显著,而NPK+AMo处理下Zn含量与NPK处理差异显著。结果表明,在习惯施肥的基础上增施不同形态钼肥均可使田间小白菜菜心、盆栽小白菜地上部的产量、营养品质及矿质养分含量提高,提升其食用价值,降低硝酸盐含量,提高食用安全性,综合来说,在习惯施肥基础上增施NMo效果最佳,AMo次之。In order to explore the comprehensive effects of different forms of molybdenum(Mo)fertil‐izer on the yield,quality and mineral nutrient content of Chinese cabbage,the varieties of"Shanghaiqing"and"Aijiaohuang"of Chinese cabbage were selected as the experimental materials,the random block experi‐mental design was used to carry out both in field experiment and pot experiment respectively.A total of 6 treatments were set up:no fertilization(CK),habitual fertilization(NPK),habitual fertilization+potassium molybdate(NPK+KMo),habitual fertilization+ammonium molybdate(NPK+AMo),habitual fertilization+molybdenum oxide(NPK+BMO)and habitual fertilization+nano molybdenum oxide(NPK+NMo).The different effects in yield,quality and mineral nutrient content of Chinese cabbage were compared and analyzed.Compared with NPK treatment,each Mo application treatment could significantly improve the fresh matter of field flowering cabbage and potted Chinese cabbage shoot.Among them,NPK+AMo treatment had the best effect,which increased 32.3%(field cabbage),NPK+NMo and NPK+AMo treatment could increase 30.8%and 30.2%(potted cabbage)compared with NPK treatment,respectively;the contents of soluble protein,vitamin C and reducing sugar of Chinese cabbage were increased,while the content of nitrate was reduced under Mo application.Compared with NPK treatment,NPK+AMo and NPK+NMo treatments significantly reduced the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage by 18.9%and 14.9%,increased the reducing sugar content by 23.8%and 30.2%,respectively,NPK+NMo treatment could significantly increase the contents of soluble protein and ascorbic acid by 25.8%and 50.2%,respectively;besides,NPK+AMo and NPK+NMo treatments significantly reduced the nitrate content in the shoot of potted Chinese cabbage by 27.8%and 29.4%,respectively.In addition,NPK+NMo treatment significantly increased the contents of soluble protein,ascorbic acid and reducing sugar by 86.5%,64.0%and 22.2%,respectively;meanwhile,each Mo application treatment could significantly increase the contents of

关 键 词：钼肥 小白菜 产量 营养品质 矿质养分 纳米三氧化钼 纳米级肥料 

分 类 号：S143.72[农业科学—肥料学] S634.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]