若干智能钻井装备发展现状及应用前景分析——以四川盆地页岩气开发为例  

Development Status and Application Prospect for Several Intelligent Drilling Equipment: A Case Study of Shale Gas Development in Sichuan Basin

作　　者：刘清友 LIU Qingyou(Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploiation,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2022年第1期1-10,共10页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“四川盆地深层页岩气安全高效钻井基础研究”(编号:U19A2097)。

摘　　要：四川盆地深层页岩气地质条件复杂、钻井工程难度大,而智能钻井技术及装备的研发方兴未艾,有望在深层页岩气钻井提速增效方面做出贡献。文章对智能钻井装备及工具进行了系统调研,分析了其在页岩气钻井中的重要作用,并对未来攻关方向提出了建议:智能钻井技术构架应融合“群智慧”策略,实现整个平台钻井的智能化,以适应页岩气井工厂化开发需要;加强自动化与人工智能的结合,逐步实现钻机智能化,重视智能钻机小型化、轻量化研究,以满足四川山区钻机需求;研究智能钻杆通用接口及协议,并配套研发不同功能的智能外接设备,组成“智能钻柱系统”,以满足页岩气钻井多元化需求;加快智能钻头数据技术研发,提高钻头井下数据处理能力,开发钻头破岩参数的自适应调节功能,以实现多个复杂层位“一趟钻”;加强高性能处理器、抗高温高压电子及液压器件等研究,提高旋转导向系统稳定性和自适应能力,提升深层页岩气地质导向能力;加快钻井参数智能闭环控制研究,实现连续油管机器人钻井,以提高深层页岩气超长水平段机械延伸极限及钻井效率。Deep shale gas development in Sichuan Basin have encountered many challenges due to complicated geology and drilling conditions. And the research and development of intelligent drilling technology and equipment is on the rise, which is expected to contribute to a fast and efficient deep shale gas drilling. This paper systematically summaries some key intelligent drilling equipment and tools, analyzes their important role in shale gas drilling, and puts forward six suggestions on future studies: Intelligent drilling technology should be integrated with swarm intelligence to realize intelligent drilling of the whole platform so as to meet the needs of shale gas well-factory development;Strengthen the combination of automation and artificial intelligence, aiming at different intelligent modules of drilling rig;gradually realize the intelligent of drilling rig. In order to meet the requirements of efficient deployment and operation of drilling RIGS in mountainous areas in Sichuan, more attention should be paid to the research on miniaturized and lightweight intelligent drilling RIGS;Research intelligent drill pipe general interface and protocol, and supporting research and development of different functions of intelligent external equipment, forming an intelligent drilling string system to meet the various requirements of shale gas drilling;Accelerate the research and development of wireless short transmission technology for intelligent bit data. Improve the downhole data processing capability of the bit and develop the adaptive adjustment function of the bit rock cutting parameters so as to realize the drilling through multiple complex formations in one run;Research must be done on high performance processor and HPHT electronic and hydraulic components to improve the stability and adaptive ability of rotary steerable system, and enhance the geological steering ability in deep shale gas reservoir;Accelerate the research on intelligent closed-loop control of drilling parameters and carry out robotic drilling of coiled

关 键 词：智能钻机 智能钻杆 旋转导向系统 智能钻头 井下机器人 页岩气钻井 

分 类 号：TE928[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]