不同空间分布脑微出血的常见病因和影像学特征的研究进展  

Research progress in common etiology and imaging features of cerebral microbleeds with different spatial distribution

作　　者：胡红梅 胡文立[1] Hu Hongmei;Hu Wenli(Department of Neurology,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科,100020

出　　处：《中华脑血管病杂志（电子版）》2022年第1期8-11,共4页Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271309)。

摘　　要：脑微出血是脑小血管病的典型影像学表现之一。随着MRI技术的进一步发展,脑微出血的检出率显著提高,其分布特点、数量及临床意义各不相同。脑微出血的病理生理机制尚不完全清楚,可能继发于长期高血压或组织中淀粉样蛋白沉积对血管壁的损伤。识别脑微出血的起源取决于患者的病史和临床表现、脑微出血的定位以及其他相关MRI异常的存在,对于其临床相关疾病的诊疗决策具有重要意义。本文就不同空间分布脑微出血的流行病学、常见病因、影像学特征的研究进展及临床意义进行总结,以期更好地指导临床诊断。Cerebral microbleeds(CMB) is one of the typical imaging manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease. With the development of MRI technology, significantly more CMB have been detected,showing different distribution, number and clinical significance. The pathophysiological mechanism of CMB is not fully clear and may be secondary to vascular injury caused by chronic hypertension or amyloid deposition in tissues. Identifying the origin of CMB depends on the patient’s medical history and clinical manifestations, the location of CMB, and the presence of other related MRI abnormalities, which is of great significance for diagnosis and treatment decisions of CMB-related diseases. This article reviews the epidemiology, etiology, imaging features, and clinical significance of CMB with different spatial distribution.

关 键 词：脑微出血 脑小血管病 脑淀粉样血管病 高血压 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]