江苏镇江孙家村遗址印纹硬陶制作工艺及相关问题研究  

Manufacturing Techniques and Related Studies of the Stamped Hard Pottery from the Sunjiacun Site in Zhenjiang of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：曾令园 何汉生 杨玉璋[1] 段炼 ZENG Lingyuan;HE Hansheng;YANG Yuzhang;DUAN Lian(Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Zhenjiang Museum,Zhenjiang 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥230026 [2]镇江博物馆,镇江210016

出　　处：《中国陶瓷》2022年第2期64-72,共9页China Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41772172);国家社会科学基金项目(17BKG016)。

摘　　要：为探索镇江地区印纹硬陶制作工艺及同一遗址出土印纹硬陶和原始瓷的关系问题,本文选取了孙家村遗址出土的8件印纹硬陶样品进行相关科技分析。结果表明,孙家村遗址印纹硬陶胎体具有“高硅低铝”的特征,熔剂Fe2O3的含量较高,应在氧化气氛中烧成从而形成红褐色胎体;烧成温度在1000~1200℃,吸水率在1.87%~14.3%之间波动,物相成分较为一致。从春秋时期开始该地区出土印纹硬陶的制作工艺开始逐渐衰落。对比该遗址的原始瓷,发现二者胎体之间化学组成特征差异明显,从西周时期开始镇江地区原始瓷与印纹硬陶已经完全分化,二者应使用了含铁量不同的原料,这种分化有助于原始瓷不断发展并完善,并可能最终导致印纹硬陶的衰落。从原料和窑址的角度来看,二者可能由邻近的宜兴地区以及浙江萧山,德清等地的主窑址区输入。In order to explore the technology of stamped hard pottery in Zhenjiang area and the relationship between stamped hard pottery and proto-porcelain unearthed from the same site,this paper selects 8 stamped hard pottery samples excavated from the Sunjiacun site for relevant scientific and technological analysis.The results show that the chemical composition of the stamped hard pottery samples in Sunjiacun site has the characteristics of “high silicon and low aluminum”.The samples have a high-level content of Fe2 O3,and should be fired in oxidized atmosphere.The sintering temperature ranged from 1000 ℃ to 1200 ℃,and the water absorption rate fluctuated between 1.87% and 14.3%.The phase composition was relatively consistent.According to the age of the samples,the production technology of stamped hard pottery began to decline from the Spring and Autumn Period.Contrasting the proto-porcelain unearthed from the same site which had been analyzed,the difference of chemical composition characteristics is very clear.Starting from the western Zhou dynasty in Zhenjiang area,proto-porcelain and stamped hard pottery has been completely divided.They should use the different raw materials which have different content of iron.At the same time,this differentiation will help the proto-porcelain development and advanced,and may eventually lead to the decline of stamped hard pottery.From the perspective of raw materials and kiln sites,they may be imported from the neighboring Yixing area and Zhejiang Province.

关 键 词：孙家村遗址 印纹硬陶 原始瓷 制作工艺 

分 类 号：TQ174.1[化学工程—陶瓷工业]