死刑复核案件的法律援助制度研究  

Research on Legal Aid System of Death Penalty Review Cases

作　　者：吴宏耀[1] 王凯[1] Wu Hongyao;Wang Kai

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《法学杂志》2022年第2期49-64,共16页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全社会公平正义法治保障制度研究”(项目编号:20ZDA032)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：2007年,随着死刑复核权收归最高人民法院,刑事法学界关于死刑复核程序的讨论开始从死刑复核权的归属问题转向死刑复核程序的诉讼化改革。2012年《刑事诉讼法》规定人民检察院、辩护律师可以参与死刑复核程序并发表意见,但是,死刑复核案件的法律援助问题始终没有解决。2021年《法律援助法》正式确立了死刑复核案件的法律援助制度。就立法表述而言,有关"提出法律援助申请的死刑复核被告人"的规定是多方意见博弈的产物。这种立法妥协存在指向范围不明、条文界线模糊等问题,并由此引发了与现行相关司法解释的法律适用问题,亟需从法解释学立场予以回应。为确保死刑复核案件法律援助制度的有效实施,相关司法解释应从完善告知机制、构建法律援助工作服务机制、保障辩护权利等方面完善死刑复核案件法律援助的相关配套机制。In 2007,with the return of the right to review the death penalty to the Supreme People’s Court,the focus of criminal law circles on the death penalty review procedure began to shift from the ownership of the right to review the death penalty to the procedural reform of the death penalty review procedure.The Criminal Procedure Law(2012)stipulates that people’s procuratorates and defense lawyers can participate in the death penalty review procedure and express their opinions.However,the problem of legal aid in death penalty review cases has not been solved.The legal Aid Law(2021)formally established the legal aid system for death penalty review cases.In terms of legislative expression,the provisions on“death penalty review defendant who applies for legal aid”are the product of multi-party compromise.This legislative compromise has some problems,such as unclear direction scope,vague boundary of provisions,and chaotic relationship with relevant judicial interpretation,which needs to be responded from the standpoint of legal hermeneutics.During the implementation of the Legal Aid Law,we should constantly improve the relevant supporting mechanisms of legal aid in death penalty review cases from the aspects of improving the notification mechanism,constructing the legal aid service mechanism,and protecting the right to defense.

关 键 词：死刑复核案件 法律援助 法律援助律师库 权利告知程序 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D926.5[政治法律—法学]