地质调查支撑服务福建生态文明试验区理论与方法探索  

Exploration of the theory and the method on how geological survey supports and serves Fujian ecological civilization pilot zone

作　　者：陈国光[1] 湛龙[1] 刘红樱[1] 张景[1] 张洁[1] 张晓东[1] 张定源[1] 陈进全 侯晓龙[3] 牛晓楠 王冲 CHEN Guoguang;ZHAN Long;LIU Hongying;ZHANG Jing;ZHANG Jie;ZHANG Xiaodong;ZHANG Dingyuan;CHEN Jinquan;HOU Xiaolong;NIU Xiaonan;WANG Chong(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,Jiangsu,China;Fujian Institute of Geological Survey,Fuzhou 350013,Fujian,China;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016 [2]福建省地质调查研究院,福建福州3500132 [3]福建农林大学,福建福州350002

出　　处：《华东地质》2022年第1期1-16,共16页East China Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局“福建生态文明试验区综合地质调查工程(编号:工程0808)”;“福建省资源环境承载能力综合调查评价(编号:DD20190301)”项目联合资助。

摘　　要：为探索地质调查支援服务生态文明建设的理论与方法,为新时代地质工作转型升级提供经验,中国地质调查局组织实施了“福建生态文明试验区综合地质调查工程”。通过省、市、县、流域等不同层级综合地质调查及专题评价试点,取得了一些理论方法及技术应用成果:①揭示了我国典型红壤区地质要素对水土流失的控制作用,总结了不同岩性控制区水土流失地质成因规律。②针对不同类型的海岸带侵蚀与淤积成因要素,提出海陆统筹生态健康评价方法。③以森林生态系统、湿地生态系统、农田生态系统为单元,分析小流域山水林田湖水土流失风险要素,提出水土流失重点区流域生态风险评价方法。④从地球系统出发,突出岩石与土壤圈资源环境特征,提出地质调查支撑国土空间适宜性评价的方法与途径。⑤从“地表基质调查既是自然资源的基础物质调查,又是为自然资源质量、生态评价提供参数的调查”观点出发,形成了地表基质综合分类和调查技术方法体系。以上认识可为生态保护与系统修复、国土空间规划和用途管制、自然资源管理提供科技支撑。In order to explore a scientific solution which can serve the construction of ecological civilization and afford Fujian experience for the transformation and upgrading of geological work in the new era,China Geological Survey organized and undertook the project“Integrated geological survey of Fujian ecological civilization pilot zone”.Through the provincial,municipal,county,watershed and other scales of comprehensive investigation and thematic evaluation experiment,a number of theoretical,methodological and application results have been output:①It revealed a geological controlling effect on the formation of soil erosion and classified five subdivision models of soil erosion in different lithology-controlling areas.②Based on the analysis on the key elements of different types of coastal zone erosion and siltation,the method of integrated evaluation of land-sea was put forward.③The risk factors of soil erosion in small watersheds were dissected in the unit of forest-wetland-farmland ecosystem,and the techniques of ecological evaluation of watersheds in key soil erosive areas were explored.④From the earth system point of view,the resources and environmental characteristics of rock circle and soil circle are highlighted,the methods and approaches to support land space suitability evaluation with geological environment are put forward.⑤From the perspective that surface matrix survey is not only the basic physical survey of natural resources,but also a survey providing reference data for natural resource quality and ecological evaluation,a system consisting of comprehensive classification and investigation technique for surface matrix is formed.The progress and achievements of the project provide scientific and technological support for ecological protection and restoration,land space planning and use control,and natural resource management in Fujian Province.

关 键 词：地质调查理论与方法 支撑服务 水土流失全视角评价 海陆统筹一体化评价 资源环境承载力与国土空间适宜性评价 地表基质综合调查 福建生态文明试验区 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171