基于精密星历的极区卫星导航系统性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Polar Global Navigation Satellite System Based on Precise Ephemeris

作　　者：程建华 李哲欣 刘佳鑫 CHENG Jian-hua;LI Zhe-xin;LIU Jia-xin(College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学智能科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第8期3020-3028,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61633008,62073093);中央高校基本科研业务费(3072020CFT0403)。

摘　　要：为填补全球四大卫星导航系统在极区无全面性能分析及比对的空白,基于精密星历,分别通过航线取点及区域分析的方法,分析了4种全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)当前星座在极区的可见性及定位精度,并比较了4种GNSS的性能,解决了现有文献中未全面分析4种GNSS、取点分析难以代表极区内整体性能的问题,为极区GNSS的应用和发展提供理论依据。分析结果表明,在不考虑外部电磁环境干扰的条件下,格洛纳斯卫星导航系统(global navigation satellite system,GLONASS)的定位精度略低于其余三者,但4种GNSS已经能够较好地覆盖极区,均满足极区定位的基本要求。因此,极区GNSS的研究方向应更侧重于如何消除极区恶劣电磁环境对GNSS的影响。In order to fill the gap of no comprehensive performance analysis and comparison of four global satellite navigation systems(GNSS)in the polar region.Based on the precise ephemeris,the visibility and positioning accuracy of current constellations in the polar region were analyzed via the route-point selection and region analysis.Subsequently,its performance was compared to solve that the overall analysis was scarcely involved in the existing reference.Moreover,the problem that the point-analysis cannot represent the integrated performance in the polar region was settled,and the theory-based principle was offered for the application and development of the polar GNSS.The results demonstrated that without the consideration of the disturbance of the external electromagnetic,the positioning accuracy of global navigation satellite system(GLONASS)is worse than the other three satellite systems.However,these four systems have already covered the polar region well,satisfying the fundamental requirement of polar positioning.Conclusively,the research direction on polar GNSS tends to eliminate the impairment of the harsh electromagnetic environment.

关 键 词：极区导航 精密星历 全球导航卫星系统(GNSS) 精度因子(DOP) 

分 类 号：P228.1[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]