中国公正感研究方法的跨学科比较与方法论反思  

作　　者：杨宇琦 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《社会研究方法评论》2022年第1期247-276,共30页Social Research Methods Review

基　　金：西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项“报复公正的社会心理学理论建构”(2020SQN15)。

摘　　要：不同学科研究公正感时选用的理论与工具有明显区隔,并在组织公正、社会公正与其他公正研究范畴下呈现渐变性。研究对象上,组织公正感研究理论系统,社会公正感研究范畴广泛,其他公正感研究对象分散。研究方法上,国内公正感研究有问卷调查、实验研究与非量化研究三种常见方法。问卷调查方法包含公正感量表、公正世界信念量表、非结构性调查问卷三类工具;实验研究方法包含情境启动与博弈实验两类方式;非量化研究包含质性研究与理论分析两类途径。研究者对理论、方法、工具的选择折射出公正感研究的非系统性以及诠释公正感概念的多维性。研究者需从认识论体系(结构论、整体论、经验论、特质论)与视角体系(角色视角、时间视角、空间视角)来完善未来研究。Studies on perceived justice(PJ)reflect that the theories and tools chosen by researchers from various disciplines have distinct segregation and show gradualness between studies on organizational justice,social justice and other types of justice.From the angle of research objects,studies on organizational justice are systematic;studies on social justice are extensive,while other studies on justice is scattered.Given to research method,there are three main methods adopted:survey,experiment,and non-quantitative methods.Specifically,different Chinese or indigenized versions of Justice Scale and Belief in a Just World Scale are applied in survey,and questionnaires serving over general or especial aim are also used;experimental paradigm includes two kinds,heuristic experiment and Game;while in last classification,studies constitute empirical qualitative studies and studies by theoretical analyses.The selected theories,methods and tools reflect the unsystematicness of PJ researches and multi-dimension of interpreting the concept of PJ.Thus,researchers need to systematically complete future studies on epistemological system(structural approach,holistic approach,empirical approach,and trait approach)and perspective system(role,temporal and spatial perspectives).

关 键 词：公正感 研究方法 认识论体系 视角体系 多学科研究 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]