光学相干断层成像技术在帕金森病中的发现及探索  

Discovery and exploration of optical coherence tomography in Parkinson’s disease

作　　者：田梅(综述) 王梁[1] 刘亚玲(审校)[1] TIAN Mei;WANG Liang;LIU Yaling(Department of Neurology,Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第二医院神经内科,石家庄050000

出　　处：《眼科学报》2022年第2期150-156,共7页Eye Science

摘　　要：帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)是老年人常见的神经系统退行性疾病,眼部及视觉功能障碍是PD常见的非运动症状之一,进一步影响其生活质量。已有研究表明PD患者视网膜内存在多巴胺浓度的减少以及α突触核蛋白的沉积。目前,PD仍缺乏有效的早期诊断及病情评估工具,光学相干断层扫描及光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术可以显示视网膜各层微细结构及微血管的异常,应用该技术研究者发现PD患者视乳头旁视网膜神经纤维层及黄斑区视网膜的厚度均存在不同程度的变薄,视网膜浅层及深层毛细血管丛的毛细血管密度和复杂性下降。进一步研究者应用该技术在PD临床应用中进行了探索,并发现其可用于检测早期PD中发生的病理变化,反映疾病的病程及严重程度,并且在鉴别诊断中起到一定的作用。总而言之,视网膜相关检测可能成为评估PD患者脑病理严重程度的指标,并且帮助疾病诊断和监测疾病的进展,不过这仍需要大样本、多中心的重复研究以提供更多理论依据。Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly,and ocular and visual dysfunction is one of the common non-motor symptoms of PD,further affecting PD patients’quality of life.Reduced dopamine concentrations and deposition ofα-synuclein in the retina of PD patients have been shown in studies.At present,there is still a lack of effective tools for early diagnosis and assessment of PD.Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography can reveal abnormalities in the microstructure and microvasculature of the retinal layers,and researchers applying these techniques have found that the thickness of the parapapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and the retina in the macula in PD patients have had varying degrees of thinning,and the density and complexity of capillaries in the superficial and deep capillary plexus of the retina have been reduced.Further,investigators have explored the clinical application of these techniques in PD and have found that they can be used to detect pathological changes occurring in early PD,reflect the course and severity of the disease,and play a role in differential diagnosis.In conclusion,retinal-correlated testing may be an indicator to assess the severity of brain pathology in PD patients and to aid in disease diagnosis and monitoring the progression of PD,although large sample,multicenter replication studies are still needed to provide more reliable results.

关 键 词：帕金森病 光学相干断层扫描技术 光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]