宁夏地区12986例婴幼儿眼病筛查结果分析  

A analysis of 12 986 infants with eye disease screening from Ningxia

作　　者：张爽[1,2] 崔茜玮 邓倩 张芳霞[1,2] 虎学君 ZHANG Shuang;CUI Qianwei;DENG Qian;ZHANG Fangxia;HU Xuejun(Eye Hospital,People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750002,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ophthalmology Department,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区人民医院宁夏眼科医院,宁夏银川750002 [2]西北民族大学第一附属医院,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏医科大学附属医院眼科,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2022年第3期200-203,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划(2018BEG03050)。

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析宁夏地区连续9年0~3岁婴幼儿眼部疾病筛查的病例资料,以了解本地区婴幼儿中各类眼病发病情况及年龄分布特征。方法采用广角数码儿童视网膜成像系统(Panocam,RetCam 3)和间接检眼镜进行眼病筛查,且对资料完整的12986例0~3岁婴幼儿的病例资料进行回顾性分析。收集初次筛查年龄、性别、出生孕周、出生体重、出生史和家族史等基本资料以及眼部病变情况。结果12986例婴幼儿中,共有3017例(23.23%)检出眼部疾病。9年来,年筛查总例数例数稳定,于2012年后稳定波动后有快速上升的趋势,眼病阳性检出率先快速上升后平稳上升,平均年度变化百分比为30.30%,2012—2015年阳性检出率的年度增长率高达75.22%。在所有眼病异常中,眼前节疾病2271例(75.27%),眼后节疾病685例(22.70%),眼外伤性疾病42例(1.39%),感染/炎症性疾病1例(0.03%),其他异常18例(0.60%)。前5位的眼病异常依次为结膜下出血(64.87%)、早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)(7.72%)、眼底灰白色点片状病变(7.62%)、虹膜残膜(3.81%)、眼底出血(2.52%)。不同类型眼病的年龄分布也有所不同,其中眼前节疾病在<6个月龄占比最大;玻璃体和视网膜疾病在<6个月龄占比最大,ROP初次筛出年龄主要是<6月龄,外伤性疾病在≥24个月龄占比最大。结论宁夏地区婴幼儿眼部异常总体发生率高,检出的致盲性眼病中ROP占首位。不同类型眼病具有一定的年龄分布规律。婴幼儿眼部疾病筛查有利于系统监测儿童眼病的发生发展和视力的发育情况,对疾病的早发现、早诊断、早治疗有较高的临床价值,对降低儿童盲和低视力的发生具有重要意义。Objective To analyze clinical data of a 9-year consecutive infants aged 0-3 years of eye disease screening in Ningxia,and to investigate the distribution of eye disease in infants in this area.Methods The clinical data of 12986 infants aged 0~3 years who underwent eye disease screening with wide-filed digital retina imaging system(Panocam,RetCam 3)and indirect ophthalmoscope were analyzed retrospectively.Basic data such as age,sex,gestational age,birth weight,family history as well as corresponding ocular manifestations were collected.Results Among the 12986 infants who completed eye disease screening,abnormalities were detected in 3017 cases(23.24%).In the past nine years,the number of infants underwent screening each year steadily increased since 2012,the positive detection rate showed an overall upward trend with an average annual percentage change of 30.30%,especially it kept 75.22%from 2012 to 2015.Among all the infants with ocular abnormalities,there were 2271 cases with anterior segment diseases(75.27%),685 cases with vitreoretinopathy(22.70%),42 cases with ocular trauma(1.39%),12cases with infectious diseases(0.03%)and 18 cases with other ocular abnormalities(0.60%).The top 5 abnormalities were subconjunctival hemorrhage(64.87%),retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)(7.72%),gray patchy retinopathy(7.62%),iris remnant membrane(3.81%),retinal hemorrhage(2.52%).Fundus abnormalities varied with age.Developmental or hereditary diseases occupied the largest proportion in all ages of 0~3 years old.The first detection of anterior segment ocular disease was most in 0~6 months old,vitreoretinopathy most less than 6 months old,ROP most screened in 0~6 months old,while trauma more than 24 months old.Conclusion The overall incidence of eye abnormalities of infants in Ningxia is high,and ROP is the most common cause of blindness.The distribution of the ocular abnormity is different according to the age.Infant eye disease screening is conducive to the systematic monitoring of the occurrence and development of children′s eye

关 键 词：婴幼儿 眼病 筛查 预防和治疗 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]