波兰馆:天堂之患  

Polish Pavilion:Trouble in Paradise

作　　者：尚晋(译) 无 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]PROLOG+1

出　　处：《世界建筑》2021年第12期62-67,F0003,共7页World Architecture

摘　　要：波兰乡村是社会主义和资本主义时期诸多问题、希望和矛盾凸显的地方。传统与进步的概念在此不易察觉,激进的改革迎来了热情,也遭到了抵御。第17届威尼斯国际建筑双年展波兰馆中的这个展览以及同名书《天堂之患》将乡村作为单独的研究对象,并将其视为国家有计划的社会、空间和政治试验的一种产物。以波兰这个乡村占国土面积93%的国家为案例研究,对于理解后社会主义时期欧洲大环境的特定性是十分必要的。这使我们能够开展关于各种全球性问题的讨论。除了波兰乡村现象的规模之外,与之相关的各种问题仍不是建筑话语的主流。这些地区的边缘化在1990年代政治、经济和社会变革期间愈演愈烈,并在简化和僵化的视角下加剧了对它们的认知,或是彻底将它们从集体意识的范畴中排除出去,使它们变成景观中被忽视的要素。这个展览则提出了一个新视角,重新定义了“何为乡村”的认知,超越了浪漫的或技术的乌托邦的狭隘框架,并将乡村解读为一种抵抗殖民化的各种因素的斗争空间,而非一种城市之外天真的田园风光。The Polish countryside is a place where the problems,hopes and paradoxes of the socialist and capitalist periods become clear;the notions of tradition and progress are not easy to discern here,and radical reforms have met with both enthusiasm and resistance.Tis exhibition in the Polish Pavilion at the 17th International Architecture Exhibition in Venice,together with the book Trouble in Paradise,treats the countryside as an independent object of research.It sees it as a product of planned social,spatial,and political experiments of the state.Tis case study of Poland±a country where 93%of the area is rural±is instrumental in understanding the specificity of the context of post-socialist Europe that allows us to talk about global problems.Despite the scale of the phenomenon that is the Polish countryside,the issues related to it remain outside the mainstream of architectural discourse.The marginalisation of these areas intensifed during the political,economic,and social transformation of the 1990s and consolidated their perception through the prism of simplifications and stereotypes,or simply excluded them from the sphere of collective consciousness,transforming them into an invisible element of the landscape.This project presents a new perspective,redefines the understanding of what is rural,going beyond the narrow framework of a romantic or technological utopia,and reads the countryside as a space of struggle and resistance against the forces colonising it,and not as an innocent,idyllic landscape outside the city.

关 键 词：田园风光 国土面积 全球性问题 建筑话语 殖民化 集体意识 特定性 案例研究 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]