四川省6所三级医院医护人员职业获益感、知觉压力与心理健康的相关研究  

A study on correlation between occupational benefit,perceived stress and mental health of medical staff in six tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

作　　者：张红英[1] 罗艳芳[1] 刘祯帆 荣娴 文红英[1] 廖秀婷 ZHANG Hong-ying;LUO Yan-feng;LIU Zhen-fan;RONG Xian;WEN Hong-ying;LIAO Xiu-ting(Department of Critical Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan,637000,China;Department of Nursing,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang Sichuan,618000,China;Department of Nursing,Sichuan Vocational College of Nursing,Chengdu Sichuan,610100,China;Department of Obstetrics,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu Sichuan,610075,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院重症医学科,四川南充637000 [2]德阳市人民医院护理部,四川德阳618000 [3]四川护理职业学院护理系,四川成都610100 [4]四川省人民医院产科,四川成都610075

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第2期171-176,180,共7页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71974135)。

摘　　要：目的 了解三级甲等医院医护人员职业获益感、知觉压力与心理健康现状,分析职业获益感在知觉压力与心理健康中的中介作用。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2020年8—10月采用症状自评量表(self-reporting inventory,SCL-90)、职业获益感量表及知觉压力量表对四川省6所三级甲等医院1 284名医护人员进行调查,采用描述分析、单因素分析、相关分析及多元回归分析进行相关影响因素分析,渐进再抽样法检验职业获益感在压力知觉与职业心理健康关系中的中介作用。结果 四川省三级甲等医院医护人员SCL-90得分为(152.67±49.38)分,条目均分为(1.59±0.52)分。职业获益感得分为(112.60±17.69)分,知觉压力得分为(28.69±8.27)分。SCL-90总分与职业获益感得分呈负相关(r=-0.476~-0.176,均P<0.05),与压力知觉得分呈正相关(r=0.167~0.452,均P<0.05)。渐进再抽样分析结果显示,职业获益感在知觉压力与心理健康之间的中介效应为0.121(P<0.05),占总效应的30.7%。结论 四川省三级甲等医院医护人员心理健康状况处于中等水平,有待进一步提升。医疗管理者应根据影响因素,搭建"磁性"医疗环境并采取针对性干预措施,通过降低医护人员知觉压力水平,提升职业获益感等综合措施,提高其心理健康水平。Objective To understand the status of occupational benefit,perceived stress and mental health of medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals,analyze the mediating role of occupational benefit in perceived stress and mental health. Methods By the convenience sampling method,1 284 medical workers in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were investigated by the symptom self-rating scale(SCL-90),occupational benefit scale,and perceived stress scale from August to October 2020. The descriptive analysis,single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze related influencing factors,progressive re-sampling analysis method was used to examine the mediating role of occupational benefit in the relationship between perceived stress and occupational mental health. Results The score of SCL-90 in medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province was(152.67±49.38)points,and the average score of the items was(1.59±0.52)points. The score of occupational benefit was(112.60±17.69)points,and the score of perceived stress was(28.69±8.27)points. The total score of SCL-90 was negatively correlated with occupational benefit score(r=-0.476--0.176,P<0.05),and positively correlated with perceived stress(r=0.167-0.452,P<0.05).The results of progressive re-sampling analysis showed that mediating effect of occupational gain between perceived stress and mental health was 0.121(P<0.05),which accounted for 30.7% of the total effect.Conclusion The mental health status of medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province is at an intermediate level and needs to be further improved. Medical managers should build a "magnetic" medical environment based on influencing factors and take targeted intervention measures to improve medical staff’ mental health through comprehensive measures such as reducing their perceived stress level and enhancing occupational benefit.

关 键 词：医生 护士 心理健康 职业获益感 知觉压力 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]