真空浓缩工艺中氮氧化物尾气吸收因素方法探讨  

Method of Absorption Factors of Nitrogen Oxide Tail Gas in Vacuum Concentration Process

作　　者：李树龙 李军梅 贺真 张贤虎 李青 LI Shulong;LI Junmei;HE Zhen;ZHANG Xianhu;LI Qing(Energetic Materials Branch,Gansu Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Baiyin 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃银光化学工业集团有限公司含能材料分公司,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《新技术新工艺》2022年第2期30-33,共4页New Technology & New Process

摘　　要：为了解决硝烟真空浓缩系统中硝酸烟气吸收不完全造成的氮氧化物排放超标、硝酸烟气吸收效率低、成本浪费等问题,针对硝酸烟气真空浓缩工艺废酸处理中存在的吸收塔筛板不能完全液封等现象,通过技术改造,将吸收塔尾气引入吸收系统用硫酸进行二次吸收,对吸收塔液位进行仪表精确调节控制,设计制作一台集雾器,安装在硝酸烟气总管上,形成良好的气液分离,防止冷凝液倒流进入压缩机,防止设备腐蚀。在硝烟冷却器后增加了一台漂白塔冷凝器,降低了硝烟吸收系统负荷,增加了气液接触面积,提高了吸收得率,使硝烟吸收得率从2.4%提高到了3.2%,氮氧化物尾气排放可控制在1 000mg/m^(3),低于国家标准1 400mg/m^(3),实现了达标排放。In order to solve the problems of incomplete absorption of nitric acid flue gas in the vacuum concentration system of nitric smoke,which resulted in excessive nitrogen oxide emissions,low absorption efficiency of nitric acid flue gas,cost waste and so on,we aimed at incomplete liquid seal of absorption sieve tray in waste acid treatment of nitric acid flue gas vacuum concentration system,the tail gas of the absorption tower was introduced into the absorption system for secondary absorption with sulfuric acid through technical transformation,and the liquid level of the absorption tower was precisely adjusted and controlled.A mist collector was designed and manufactured,and it was installed in nitric acid flue gas main pipe,so a good gas-liquid separation was formed to prevent the condensate to flow back into the compressor and avoid equipment corrosion.A bleaching tower condenser was added after the smoke cooler,which reduced the load of the smoke absorption system,increased the gas-liquid contact area,and improved the absorption yield.The smoke absorption rate increased from 2.4%to 3.2%,and the exhaust emission of nitrogen oxides could be controlled at 1000 mg/m^(3),which was lower than the national standard of 1400 mg/m^(3),so as to achieve up-to-standard emissions.

关 键 词：真空浓缩 硝烟吸收 集雾器 吸收得率 筛板塔 硫酸吸收 降膜吸收反应器 脱离子水 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程] TB[一般工业技术]