铜元素对304L不锈钢热加工性能的影响  

Effects of Element Cu on Hot Workability of 304L Stainless Steel

作　　者：李华英[1] 马立峰[2] 宋耀辉 李娟[1] 姬亚锋[2] 刘海涛[3] Li Huaying;Ma Lifeng;Song Yaohui;Li Juan;Ji Yafeng;Liu Haitao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024 [3]东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第2期400-407,共8页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (2020L0333);Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2019-KF-25-05);Shanxi Province’s Key Core Technology and Common Technology Research and Development Project (20201102017);National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0300205);National Natural Science Foundation of China (52005358)。

摘　　要：采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对含铜304L不锈钢进行热压缩实验,变形温度为900~1150℃,应变速率为0.01~20 s^(-1),并通过应力-应变曲线构建其热加工图。结果表明,随着铜含量的增加(0%Cu-304L,2.42%Cu-304L,3.60%Cu-304L),较好的热加工温度范围从200℃降低到75℃。微观组织分析发现:该材料失稳的主要原因有局部流动失稳、剪切带、空洞和裂纹;在热变形过程中,塑性变形能在短时间内转化为热量,导致变形材料局部温度升高,这使得熔点相对较低的铜偏析区易融化从而形成孔洞,成为裂纹的来源,降低了材料的热加工性。The hot deformation behavior of Cu-bearing 304L stainless steel was studied by performing hot compression on Gleeble-3800 thermo mechanical simulator in the temperatures of 900~1150 ℃ and strain rates of 0.01~20 s^(-1), and the processing maps were established by stress-strain curves. Results show that the better processing temperature range is narrowed from 200 ℃ to 75 ℃ with the increase of copper content in the alloy(0 wt%Cu-304L, 2.42 wt%Cu-304L, 3.60 wt%Cu-304L). The alloy microstructure characterization reveals that the main causes of instability are local flow instability, shear zone, void and cracking. At the same time, it is found that the plastic deformation can be converted into heat in a short time, leading to the local temperature rise of the deformed materials,which makes the copper segregation area with relatively low melting point easy to form holes and to become the source of cracking,and then reduces the hot workability.

关 键 词：含铜抗菌不锈钢 热变形 热加工图 失稳 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG142.71[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]