东洞庭湖及邻近城区雷暴活动特征  

Characteristics of Thunderstorm Activity in East Dongting Lake and Adjacent Urban Areas

作　　者：孟蕾[1,2] 廖玉芳 汤亦豪 MENG Lei;LIAO Yu-fang;TANG Yi-hao(China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Hunan Branch,Changsha 410125,China;Key Laboratory of Hu'nan Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Climate Center,Changsha 410118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象干部培训学院湖南分院,湖南长沙410125 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410118 [3]湖南省气象科学研究所,湖南长沙410118 [4]湖南省气候中心,湖南长沙410118

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第1期179-190,共12页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202029);中国气象局气象干部培训学院青年项目(青2021-014)。

摘　　要：利用2011~2019年3~8月长时间序列的长沙和常德多普勒天气雷达产品、岳阳观测站雷暴人工记录,分析东洞庭湖及邻近城区雷暴的空间分布特征和季、月、日变化特征。结果表明:(1)东洞庭湖及邻近城区雷暴总体东多西少,城区多湖面少,湖面与陆地城市中心交界处相对湖面其他地方是雷暴高发区。(2)6月是雷暴活动最频繁的月份,湖面与陆地城市中心交界处雷暴活动频数在5、6、8月显著高于湖面其他地方。(3)雷暴生消发展呈现显著日变化,夜间雷暴相较日间雷暴更加频繁,呈现明显的双峰特征,湖面和城区陆地雷暴波动在转换时间上存在差异,湖面相较陆面要提前近1~2 h。(4)温湿条件较好的情况下,垂直风切变是影响当地雷暴活动的重要因素,城区雷暴对于垂直风切变的响应比湖面更快,湖面与城市中心交界处相对湖面其他位置更容易出现雷暴。Using the long-term series of Changsha and Changde Doppler weather radar products from March to August of 2011-2019,and the manual recording of thunderstorms at Yueyang Observation Station,the spatial distribution characteristics and seasonal,monthly,and daily changes of thunderstorms in East Dongting Lake and adjacent urban areas have been analyzed.Results indicate that:(1)Higher frequency of thunderstorm activity in east but lower in west,and higher in urban but lower on the lake surface in East Dongting Lake and adjacent urban areas,the junction of the lake and the land city center is the high incidence area of thunderstorm activity compared to the rest of the lake.(2)The highest frequency of thunderstorms appears in June,the frequency of thunderstorm activities at the junction of the lake and the land city center is significantly higher than that of other places on the lake in May,June and August.(3)The development of thunderstorms shows significant daily changes,thunderstorms during the night are more frequent than that during the day,showing obvious bimodal characteristics.There are differences in the conversion time of thunderstorm fluctuations between the lake and the urban land,nearly 1 to 2 hours in advance on the lake.(4)Under good temperature and humidity conditions,vertical wind shear is an important factor affecting local thunderstorm activities.Urban thunderstorms respond faster to vertical wind shear than the lake,the junction of the lake and the city center is more prone to thunderstorms than other locations on the lake.

关 键 词：多普勒雷达 雷暴 东洞庭湖 阈值 

分 类 号：P446[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]