武汉市甲基苯丙胺依赖患者戒毒意向及相关因素分析  

Change readiness and related factors in patients with methamphetamine dependence in Wuhan

作　　者：余萍[1] 陈家言 熊贤鹏 王增珍[4,5] 杨雪[1] YU Ping;CHEN Jiayan;XIONG Xianpeng;WANG Zengzhen;YANG Xue(Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430022,China;School of Public Health,Nanchang University,Nanchang,330006,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine,Nanchang,330006,China;School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430030,China;Tongji Research Center of Mental Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉精神卫生中心,武汉430022 [2]南昌大学公共卫生学院,南昌330006 [3]江西省预防医学重点实验室,南昌33006 [4]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,武汉430030 [5]华中科技大学同济医学院心理卫生研究中心,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2021年第6期418-423,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573236);武汉市中青年医学骨干人才培养计划基金项目[(2016)59];武汉市医学科研项目(WX19Y22)。

摘　　要：目的:调查武汉市甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的戒毒意向,并分析其相关因素。方法:在武汉市2所强制隔离戒毒所中随机抽取甲基苯丙胺依赖患者488例,采用自编一般资料问卷、戒毒意向标尺、渴求视觉模拟评分、成瘾记忆强度量表和激惹-抑郁-焦虑量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归模型分析患者戒毒意向的相关因素。结果:甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的戒毒意向标尺得分为(6.2±2.1)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的戒毒意向标尺得分与其就业状况呈正相关,全职就业者的戒毒意向标尺得分高于无业者(β=0.60,P=0.013);其与渴求视觉模拟评分之间则呈负相关(β=-0.49,P=0.010)。结论:甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的戒毒意向与其就业状况和渴求程度相关,在戒毒矫治工作中应对患者的就业帮扶问题予以关注,并积极采用相关干预策略帮助患者降低毒品渴求,以提高其戒毒意向。Objective:To investigate the change readiness and its related factors in patients with methamphetamine dependence in Wuhan. Methods:A total of 488 patients with methamphetamine dependence in two compulsory rehabilitation centers in Wuhan were randomly selected. The general information questionnaire, contemplation ladder, Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for craving levels, Addiction Memory Intensity Scale, and Irritability-Depression-Anxiety Scale were used. The general linear regression model was used to analyze the related factors of the patients′ change readiness. Results:The scores of the contemplation ladder was(6.2±2.1). Linear regression analysis showed that the scores of the contemplation ladder were positively correlated with the employment status. The scores of patients with full-time employment were significantly higher than those who were unemployed(β=0.60, P=0.013). The scores of the contemplation ladder were negatively correlated with the craving VAS scores(β=-0.49, P=0.010). Conclusion:The change readiness of patients with methamphetamine dependence is related to their employment and craving levels. The results suggest that more attention should be paid to the implementation of employment assistance, and strategies help patients reduce their drug cravings should be conducted, so as to improving their change readiness.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 戒毒意向 渴求 就业状况 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]