时速400 km轮轨制动大蠕滑黏着试验研究(一)--水介质条件下黏着特性  

Experimental Study on Large Creepage Adhesion of Wheel/Rail Braking at 400 km·h^(-1)(Ⅰ)—Adhesion Characteristics under Water Medium

作　　者：常崇义 陈波 蔡园武[1,2] 王俊彪 CHANG Chongyi;CHEN Bo;CAI Yuanwu;WANG Junbiao(Railway Science and Technology Research and Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;WheelRail System Laboratory,National Engineering Research Center of System Technology for High-Speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]高速铁路与城轨交通系统技术国家工程研究中心轮轨关系实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2022年第2期96-103,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(P2019J023);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2019YJ162)。

摘　　要：300~400 km·h^(-1)速度范围内高速列车在湿轨条件下的制动黏着行为特点尚不清楚,制约着时速400 km高速列车制动黏着的有效利用。针对这一问题,利用全尺寸高速轮轨关系试验台,研究高速轮轨水介质条件下制动大蠕滑黏着特性,提出基于高速轮轨关系试验台的轮轨水介质条件下制动大蠕滑黏着特性试验方法,探究100~400 km·h^(-1)速度范围内轮轨接触界面为中等粗糙度水平(Ra为0.4~0.6µm)且有水介质条件下纵向蠕滑率为0~30%时的制动黏着特性。结果表明:在纵向蠕滑率从0.5%增至5%~8%过程中,黏着力系数出现了减小的现象,此阶段不利于黏着的利用;纵向蠕滑率增至一定数值后(一般为5%~8%),若继续增加,则出现黏着力系数再上升的现象;试验速度为200 km·h^(-1)时,当纵向蠕滑率增至27%时出现黏着力系数上升的第2个峰,在纵向蠕滑率从30%开始减小过程中黏着力系数出现“卸载峰”;试验速度在300~400 km·h^(-1)范围内,当纵向蠕滑率增至15%左右时出现黏着力系数上升的第2个峰,此处黏着力系数约为第1个峰时的2倍;加载和卸载过程中的黏着力系数再上升阶段都属于稳定阶段,有利于提高轮轨黏着的利用。The characteristics of braking adhesion behavior for highspeed trains under wet track condition are not clear in the speed range of 300-400 km·h^(-1),which restricts the effective utilization of braking adhesion of highspeed trains at 400 km·h^(-1).To solve this problem,the braking large creepage adhesion characteristics of highspeed wheel/rail under water medium are studied by using the fullscale highspeed wheel/rail relationship test rig.A test method for braking large creepage adhesion characteristics of wheel/rail under water condition based on the highspeed wheel/rail relationship test rig is proposed.Test on braking adhesion characteristics in the range of 100-400 km·h^(-1) is carried out with medium roughness level(Ra 0.4-0.6µm)under water medium at the wheel/rail contact interface,and the longitudinal creepage is in the range of 0%-30%.The results show that the adhesion coefficient decreases when the longitudinal creepage increases from 0.5%to 5%-8%,which is not conducive to the adhesion utilization at this stage.After the longitudinal creepage increases to a certain value(generally 5%-8%),if it continues to increase,the adhesion coefficient will rise again.When the test speed is 200 km·h^(-1),the second peak of the increase in adhesion coefficient appears when the longitudinal creepage increases to 27%,and the"unloading peak"of adhesion coefficient also appears when the longitudinal creepage decreases from 30%.When the test speed is in the range of 300-400 km·h^(-1),and the longitudinal creepage increases to about 15%,the second peak of adhesion coefficient rising appears,where the adhesion coefficient is about twice that of the first peak.The adhesion coefficient rerising stages during loading and unloading belong to stable stages,which are conducive to improving the utilization of wheel/rail adhesion.

关 键 词：高速制动大蠕滑 黏着特性曲线 黏着再上升 黏着系数 黏着利用 水介质 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]