石英砂对稠油乳状液的破乳作用机理  

Demulsification Mechanism of Quartz Sand on Heavy Oil Emulsion

作　　者：张佃臣 张世坚 胡晓明 唐敏 邱波 单雨婷 敬加强[2] ZHANG Dianchen;ZHANG Shijian;HU Xiaoming;TANG Min;QIU Bo;SHAN Yuting;JING Jiaqiang(Offshore Oil Engineering Company,Ltd,China National Offshore Oil Corporation,Tianjin 300452,P R of China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,P R of China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油集团有限公司海洋石油工程股份有限公司,天津300452 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(西南石油大学),四川成都610500

出　　处：《油田化学》2022年第1期132-139,共8页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“深水原油采输管界面润滑流动改进机理研究”(项目编号51779212);“深水蜡晶与水合物多相混输管道固相沉积与安全输运机制”(项目编号U19B2012);四川省苗子工程培育项目“海上稠油除砂理论与技术”(项目编号2021087)。

摘　　要：由于稠油乳状液不透明,无法直观认识砂粒对稠油乳状液稳定性的影响过程。曾有学者通过傅里叶红外光谱检测到矿物颗粒表面吸附的沥青质,推测这些颗粒因吸附油水界面膜上的沥青质破坏了油水界面膜强度,促进了水滴聚团沉降,从而实现稠油乳状液破乳分层。但这种认识无法解释笔者实验中的一些现象。针对这种情况,通过杯式分水、流变性测试和润湿性测试等实验,研究了石英砂对稠油乳状液稳定性的影响机制。结果表明,砂粒粒径较小、水滴粒径较大时,即会发生水珠完全浸湿包裹砂粒的现象,包裹砂粒的水珠比重增加,沉降速度加快,这是石英砂实现稠油乳状液破乳分层的主要原因。这一认识也通过砂在白油中的沉降实验得到了验证。Because the heavy oil emulsion is opaque,it is impossible to intuitively understand the influence of sand particle on the stability of heavy oil emulsion.Scholars had detected the asphaltenes adsorbed on the surface of mineral particles by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.It was speculated that these particles destroyed the strength of oil/water interfacial film due to the adsorption of asphaltenes on the oil/water interfacial film and promoted the aggregation of water droplets,so as to realize the demulsification and stratification of heavy oil emulsion.However,this understanding couldn’t explain some phenomena in this experiment.In this paper,experiments such as bottle experiment,rheology test and wettability test were carried out,and the influence mechanism of quartz sand on the stability of heavy oil emulsion was studied.The results showed that when the particle size of sand was small and the particle size of water droplet was large,the phenomenon of water droplets completely wetting and wrapping the sand particles would occur.Furthermore,the proportion of water droplets wrapping sand particles increased,and the settlement speed accelerated.This was the main reason for the demulsification and stratification of heavy oil emulsion by sand,and this understanding was also verified by the sedimentation experiment of sand in white oil.

关 键 词：稠油 乳状液 石英砂 破乳 润湿性 影响机理 

分 类 号：O648.23[理学—物理化学]