含石蜡水基型有机木材保护复合制剂的性能研究  

Preparation and properties of containing paraffin water based organic wood protective agent

作　　者：张斌 马星霞[1] 张景朋 蒋明亮[1] ZHANG Bin;MA Xingxia;ZHANG Jingpeng;JIANG Mingliang(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2022年第2期423-429,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：中央公益性科研院所基金重点项目(CAFYBB2019ZB008)。

摘　　要：【目的】为满足不同木材败坏防治需要,拟制备出一种具有防腐、防霉、防虫和防水多种功能的水基型有机木材保护复合制剂。【方法】通过室内抑菌圈法筛选出杀菌谱互补的防腐药剂和防霉药剂,复配并筛选两者的最优复配比例;以高效氯氟氰菊酯作为防虫成分、液体石蜡作为防水成分,制备木材保护复合制剂。测试该制剂的乳化稳定性能、防水性能、室内耐腐、防霉、防白蚁等效果,评价该制剂的使用效果并确定在木材上的合适载药量。【结果】通过筛选有效成分,制得质量分数为0.20%苯醚甲环唑、0.20%碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯、0.02%高效氯氟氰菊酯和40.00%液体石蜡的木材保护复合制剂。该制剂兑水稀释250倍静置1 h未见分层、析油和沉淀;稀释5~20倍处理木材,当木材中液体石蜡含量为49.1 kg·m^(−3),防水效率达77.8%;稀释20倍处理木材,木材中苯醚甲环唑和碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的载药量超过71.1 g·m^(−3)时,室内耐腐测试中质量损失率可低于1.0%,达到I级强耐腐等级;稀释5倍处理木材,木材中苯醚甲环唑和碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯单位面积含量均为0.165 g·m^(−2)时,室内防霉测试中霉菌侵染值为0;稀释10倍处理木材,木材中高效氯氟氰菊酯载药量达14.7 g·m^(−3),白蚁蛀蚀完好值为9.2,质量损失率为2.6%。【结论】制备了一种可满足不同木材败坏防治需要的木材保护复合制剂,该制剂一剂多效、性能稳定,具有良好的防腐、防霉、防虫和防水效果。将该复合制剂稀释5~20倍使用,可满足大多数生物危害的防治需求。[Objective]To prevent and control different kinds of wood biohazards,from mold,corrosion,pests to dampness,this study is aimed to develop an organic compound wood preservative containing water based paraffin which is usually classified as emulsifiable concentrates.[Method]First,fungicides complementary in antibacterial spectrum were screened employing the indoor inhibition zone method before they were compound to figure out the optimal compounding ratio.Then with lambda-cyhalothrin(CLT)used as insecticide and liquid paraffin used as the water repellent,the four of them were compounded before the compound preservative was tested for its strength in the control and prevention of mold,corrosion,dampness and pests by means of indoor tests.[Result]A wood protection composition preparation with a mass fraction of 0.20%difenoconazole(DCZ),0.20%iodopropynyl butylcarbamate(IPBC),0.02%CLT and 40.00%liquid paraffin was prepared by screening of active ingredients.The preparation was diluted 250 times with water and left to stand for 1 hour without stratification,oil separation and sedimentation.While wood treated with the preparation at 5 times dilution,the content of liquid paraffin in the wood was 49.1 kg·m^(−3),the waterproof efficiency reached 77.8%.While wood treated with the preparation at 20 times dilution, the content of DCZ and IPBC were 71.2 g·m^(−3), and the mass loss rate by decay fungi were less than 1.0% and the decay resistance grade reached the strong scored as grade I. While wood treated with the preparation at 5 times dilution, the mass concentrations of DCZ and IPBC in the wood was 0.165 g·m^(−2), the mold infection value was 0 and resulted excellent anti-mold efficacy. While wood treated with the preparation at 10 times dilution, the content of CLT in the wood was 14.7 g·m^(−3), the intact value by termite decay was 9.2 with a mass loss rate of 2.6%, showed excellent termite resistance. [Conclusion] The wood preservative developed, when applied after it’ s diluted 5−20 times, has displayed

关 键 词：木材保护 复合制剂 防腐剂 防水剂 

分 类 号：S782.33[农业科学—木材科学与技术]