基于模型预测控制的电机转子主动热管理  

Active Thermal Management of Motor Rotor Based on Model Predictive Control

作　　者：陆地[1] 赵辉 孙天夫 梁嘉宁[2,3] LU Di;ZHAO Hui;SUN Tian-fu;LIANG Jia-ning(Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaan Xi'an 710055,China;Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Shenzhen 518055,China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Electric Vehicle Powertrain Platform and Safety Technology,Guangdong Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,广东深圳518055 [3]深圳电动汽车动力平台与安全技术重点实验室,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2022年第3期148-152,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51707191);深圳市科技创新计划(JCYJ20170818164527303);中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院新引进人才启动项目(Y8G020)。

摘　　要：当电机温度较低时,通过过载运行可以最大限度地利用电动机的扭矩能力,但是,电机过载运行的程度和时间通常很难确定,电机在峰值转矩的运行时间也往往通过经验估测。由于过载能力与电机温度密切相关,提出了一种新的单节点集总参数热模型,并采用模型预测控制(MPC)来实现转子的主动热管理。所提出的MPC热管理方案可以根据电机的热状态自适应地设定扭矩极限以限制转子温度,从而使得电机在过载运行中转子温度始终被控制在安全值以下。与现有的基于多节点热模型的MPC热管理方案相比,单节点热模型的参数简单易测,在此基础上的MPC热管理方案计算量小,实用性强。该方法经过实验验证,并与基于PI控制器的转子主动热管理方案进行比较。实验结果表明,该方案比传统的PI方案具有更好的控制性能,可以有效降低转子温度峰值,从而有效降低电机的热应力,提高电机寿命。When the motor temperature is low,the torque capacity of the motor can be maximized by the overload operation.However,the degree and time of the motor overload operation are usually difficult to determine,and the running time of the motor at the peak torque is often estimated by experience.Because the overload capability is closely related to the motor temperature,a new single node lumped parameter thermal model is proposed,and the model predictive control(MPC) is used to realize the active thermal management of the rotor.The proposed MPC thermal management scheme can adaptively set the torque limit according to the thermal state of the motor to limit the rotor temperature,so that the rotor temperature is always controlled below the safe value during the overload operation.Compared with the existing MPC thermal management scheme based on multi-node thermal model,the parameters of the single-node thermal model are simple and easy to measure.On this basis,the MPC thermal management scheme has a small amount of calculation and strong practicability.The method has been verified by experiments and compared with the active thermal management scheme of the rotor based on the PI controller.The experimental results show that the scheme has better control performance than the traditional PI scheme,which can effectively reduce the peak temperature of the rotor,thus effectively reduce the thermal stress of the motor and improve the life of the motor.

关 键 词：电机转子 温度 模型预测控制 主动热管理 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TM331[电气工程—电机]