基于刚度阻尼特性重载汽车油气悬架性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension of Truck Based on Stiffness and Damping Characteristics

作　　者：游专 何仁[2] 刘文光[2] YOU Zhuan;HE Ren;LIU Wen-guang(Schoo of Automobile and Transportation,Wuxi Institute of Technology,Jiangsu Wuxi 214121 China;School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡职业技术学院汽车与交通学院,江苏无锡214121 [2]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2022年第3期223-227,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：江苏省高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(苏教师[2019]3号);无锡职业技术学院教授、博士科研项目(BT2020-10)。

摘　　要：油气悬架以其良好的刚度阻尼特性和承载能力而被广泛应用于重载汽车领域。根据单气室油气悬架的结构和工作特征,建立物理模型,基于刚体力学理论和运动力学平衡关系,建立数学模型。分析油气悬架的刚度特性和阻尼特性;在此基础上,基于AMESim搭建某载重汽车的1/2悬架系统模型,分析正常行驶工况和越障工况,油气悬架对路面随机激励和障碍物的响应特性;并对驾驶室的乘坐舒适性进行评价。结果可知:油气悬架的刚度和阻尼特性呈现明显的非线性特征;试验对比表明,仿真模型输出特性与试验结果基本一致,理论分析和模型分析结果可靠;簧载质量在三个周期内衰减振动达到90%以上,满足车辆设计时对悬架衰减振动的要求;路面随机激励的频域响应曲线可以看出,其功率谱峰值在1.28Hz左右,避过了人体的共振区域,符合乘坐舒适性的要求;人体的主观感受为:没有不舒服;分析模型和结果为同类设计提供参考。Hydro-pneumatic suspension is widely used in the field of trucks due to its good stiffness damping characteristics and load carrying capacity. According to the structure and working characteristics of single-chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension,a physical model is established. Based on the theory of rigid body mechanics and the balance of motion mechanics,a mathematical model is established. The stiffness and damping characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspension are analyzed. On this basis,the 1/2 suspension system model of a truck is built based on AMESim. The normal driving conditions and the obstacle-obstacle conditions are analyzed. The response characteristics of the oil and gas suspension to the road surface random excitation and obstacles are analyzed,and the ride comfort of the cab is evaluated. The results show that the stiffness and damping characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspension have obvious nonlinear characteristics. The experimental comparison shows that the output characteristics of the simulation model are basically consistent with the experimental results,and the theoretical analysis and model analysis results are reliable. The sprung mass attenuation vibration reaches more than 90% in three cycles. It can meet the requirement of vibration attenuation of suspension in vehicle design. It can be seen from the frequency response curve of random road excitation.The peak of the power spectrum is around 1.28Hz,which avoids the resonance area of the human body and meets the requirements of riding comfort. The subjective feeling of human body is not uncomfortable. The analysis model and results provide references for similar designs.

关 键 词：重载汽车 刚度 阻尼 油气悬架 试验 模型 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U461.8[机械工程—车辆工程]