不同复合化学处理水稻秸秆对其营养价值和瘤胃降解特性的影响  

Effect of different compound chemical treatments on nutritional value and rumen degradation characteristics of rice straw

作　　者：乔金莲[1] QIAO Jin-lian

机构地区：[1]信阳职业技术学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第4期106-110,共5页Feed Research

摘　　要：试验旨在确定水稻秸秆的最佳复合化学处理方式,试验分为5组,分别为对照组(未经处理水稻秸秆)、试验1组(2.5%尿素+4%氢氧化钠)、试验2组(2.5%尿素+9%玉米浆+4%氢氧化钠)、试验3组(2.5%尿素+6%氢氧化钙)、试验4组(2.5%尿素+9%玉米浆+6%氢氧化钙)。发酵袋室温密封15 d,分析常规营养成分,分别测定各组水稻秸秆的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量在6、12、24、36、48、72、96 h的瘤胃降解率和降解参数。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验2组和试验4组水稻的DM含量显著升高(P<0.05);各试验组水稻秸秆的CP含量极显著升高(P<0.01),NDF和ADF含量极显著降低(P<0.01),且试验4组水稻的NDF和ADF含量最低。与对照组相比,各试验组水稻秸秆瘤胃的DM、CP、NDF和ADF在各时间段的降解率均极显著提高(P<0.01),快速降解部分、慢速降解部分、慢速降解部分的降解速率及有效降解率极显著提高(P<0.01),以试验4组效果最好。研究表明,氨碱复合处理可以有效降低水稻秸秆的NDF和ADF含量,提高CP含量,提高水稻秸秆瘤胃中DM、CP、NDF和ADF的有效降解率,2.5%尿素+9%玉米浆+6%氢氧化钙的复合处理效果最好。The experiment was to determine the best compound chemical treatment of rice straw, and the experiment set five groups: control group(untreated rice straw), group 1(2.5% urea + 4% sodium hydroxide), group 2(2.5% urea + 9%corn pulp + 4% sodium hydroxide), group 3(2.5% urea + 6% calcium hydroxide) and group 4(2.5% urea + 9% corn pulp +6% calcium hydroxide). The fermentation bag was sealed at room temperature for 15 d, and the conventional nutrients were analyzed. The rumen degradation rate and degradation parameters of DM, CP, NDF and ADF of rice straw in each group were measured at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. The results showed that compared with control group, the DM content of rice in group 2 and group 4 was significantly increased(P<0.05). CP content of rice straw in test group was extremely higher than that in control group(P<0.01), NDF and ADF content of rice in test group were extremely lower than that in control group(P<0.01), and NDF and ADF content of rice in group 4 were the lowest. Compared with control group, the degradation rates of DM, CP, NDF and ADF in rumen of rice straw in test group were extremely increased(P<0.01). The degradation rates and effective degradation rates of fast degradation part, slow degradation part and slow degradation part were extremely increased(P<0.01), and the effect of group 4 was the best. The experiment indicates that ammonia alkali composite treatment can effectively reduce the content of NDF and ADF of rice straw, increase the content of CP, improve the effective degradation rate of DM, CP, NDF and ADF in the rumen of rice straw, and the composite treatment of 2.5% urea + 9% corn pulp + 6% calcium hydroxide has the best effect.

关 键 词：复合化学处理 水稻秸秆 营养价值 瘤胃降解特性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]