听障跆拳道运动员在双腿站立到单腿站立过渡任务中的平衡能力研究  

Study on Balance of Hearing-Impaired Taekwondo Athletes During a Transition Task from Double-Leg Stance to Single-Leg Stance

作　　者：段传勇 张剑波[1] 李明[1] 刘卫军[1] 张瑛秋[1] DUAN Chuanyong;ZHANG Jiangbo;LI Ming;LIUWeijun;ZHANG Yingqiu(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第3期9-18,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(20JYC890042)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨病理和不同运动条件对跆拳道运动员平衡能力的影响。方法:以22名听障跆拳道运动员(听障组)和22名配对的健全跆拳道运动员(健全组)为受试者,两组受试者的人口学数据无基线差异。受试者在瑞士Kistler三维测力台上分别在睁眼偏好速度(PSEO)、睁眼最大速度(MSEO)、闭眼偏好速度(PSEC)、闭眼最大速度(MSEC)下完成重心转移任务。收集受试者从双腿站立阶段(DLSP)到单腿站立阶段(SLSP)重心转移过程中4个阶段[过渡开始前的DLSP、过渡阶段(TRP)、准稳定阶段(QSP)、SLSP]的压力中心(COP)轨迹数据,并对测试结果进行三因素方差分析。结果:听障组在PSEC条件下稳定用时(TTS)(P<0.01)和过渡用时(TTR)(P<0.05)显著多于健全组;听障组在闭眼条件下SLSP的COP位移均方根值(P<0.001)和速度均方根值(P<0.001)明显大于健全组。两组在最大速度下TTS(P<0.001)、TTR(P<0.01)明显缩短,QSP的COP位移均方根值(P<0.05)和COP速度均方根值(P<0.01)明显增加。两组在闭眼条件下,SLSP的COP位移均方根值(P<0.001)和COP速度均方根值(P<0.01)明显增加。结论:1)闭眼条件下SLSP的COP位移均方根值和速度均方根值为区分听障与健全跆拳道运动员的有效指标;2)睁眼条件下听障跆拳道运动员姿势稳定性与健全组几乎没有差异,具有较好的克服重心转移扰动的能力以及单足平衡能力;3)闭眼条件下听障跆拳道运动员完成过渡任务的平衡能力较健全组显著不足,神经肌肉控制能力降低。Objective: To explore the effects of pathology and different sports conditions on balance ability of taekwondo athletes. Methods: 22 hearing-impaired taekwondo athletes and 22 matched healthy taekwondo athletes took the test. There was no baseline difference in demographic data between two groups. On the Kistler three-dimensional force plate, the subjects respectively completed the weight shift task under preferred speed with eyes Open(PSEO), maximum speed with eyes open(MSEO), preferred speed with eyes closed(PSEC) and maximum speed with eyes closed(MSEC). The center of pressure(COP) track data of participants was collected in four phases of weight transfer: Double-leg stance phase before the start of the transition phase(DLSP), transition phase(TRP), quasi-stable phase(QSP) and single-leg stance phase(SLSP) from the double-leg stance(DLS) to the single-leg stance(SLS). Three-way analysis of variance was performed on the test results. Results: time to stability(TTS) and transition time(TTR) in the hearing-impaired group were significantly longer than those in the healthy group(TTS: P<0.01;TTR: P<0.05);the Root-mean-square value of COP displacement and COP velocity in the hearing-impaired group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group(DISP RMS and VEL RMS: P<0.001).The TTS and TTR of two groups at the maximum speed(MS) were significantly reduced(TTS: P<0.001;TTR: P<0.01). The RMS of COP displacement and the RMS of COP velocity at the quasi-stable phase(QSP) were significantly increased(DISP RMS: P<0.05;VEL RMS: P<0.01). Under the condition of closed eyes, the RMS of displacement and RMS of COP were significantly increased in two groups(DISP RMS: P<0.001;VEL RMS: P<0.01). Conclusion: 1) Under the condition of eye-closed(EC),the root mean square of COP displacement and root mean square of COP velocity are effective indicators to distinguish taekwondo athletes with hearing impairment from normal taekwondo athletes;2) the balance of taekwondo athletes with hearing impairment under the condition of ey

关 键 词：跆拳道 听障运动员 平衡能力 过渡任务 双腿站立 单腿站立 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]