综合评价方法分类及适用性研究  

Study on Classification and Applicability of Comprehensive Evaluation Methods

作　　者：张霞 何南[1] Zhang Xia;He Nan(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian Liaoning 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《统计与决策》2022年第6期31-36,共6页Statistics & Decision

基　　金：大连市科技之星项目(2018RQ79)。

摘　　要：在综合评价过程中,权重的确定是综合评价的关键环节,综合评价方法是获得评价结果的重要手段。只有针对不同问题选择合适的综合评价方法,才能使获得的评价结果具有准确性和科学性。文章首先采用文献综述法,总结9种综合评价方法的原理和特点。其次,根据权重将9种综合评价方法划分为两类,并验证方法分类条件的可行性。然后,以案例数据为例,应用两类方法进行评价,分析两类方法的计算原理,为提出的两类方法的适用条件提供依据。最后,提出了综合评价方法的适用条件:第一类综合评价方法适用于解决确定权重或选取影响因素的问题;第二类综合评价方法适用于解决需要改善实践过程或提出优化建议、方案优选或实施奖惩的评价等问题。所提出的分类方法及适用条件,为综合评价方法的未来研究提供了新思路。In the process of comprehensive evaluation, the determination of weight is the key link, and the comprehensive evaluation method is an important means to obtain evaluation results. Only by choosing appropriate comprehensive evaluation methods for different problems can the evaluation results be accurate and scientific. This paper firstly summarizes the principles and characteristics of nine comprehensive evaluation methods by means of literature review, and then divides nine into two categories according to the weight, verifying the feasibility of classification conditions. And then, the paper takes case data as an example, applies two kinds of methods to analyze the calculation principles of the two kinds of methods, and provides the basis for the applicable conditions of the two kinds of methods. Finally, the paper proposes the applicable conditions of comprehensive evaluation methods: The first kind of comprehensive evaluation method is suitable for solving the problem of determining the weight or selecting the influencing factors;the second kind is suitable for solving the evaluation problems in which the practice process needs to be improved or optimization suggestions, program selection or implementation of rewards and punishments to be put forward. The proposed classification method and applicable conditions provide a new idea for the future research of comprehensive evaluation method.

关 键 词：综合评价方法 权重 方法分类 适用条件 

分 类 号：O21[理学—概率论与数理统计]