牙龈上皮细胞间连接与牙周致病菌关系的研究进展  

Research Updates:Relationship between Gingival Epithelial Intercellular Junctions and Periodontal Pathogenic Bacteria

作　　者：黄培勍 贾小玥 赵蕾[3] 周学东[1] 徐欣[1] HUANG Pei-qing;JIA Xiao-yue;ZHAO Lei;ZHOU Xue-dong;XU Xin(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Department of Cariology and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Department of Pediatric Dentistry,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Department of Periodontology,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科,成都610041 [2]口腔疾病研究国家,重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院儿童口腔科,成都610041 [3]口腔疾病研究国家,重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院牙周病科,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2022年第2期214-219,共6页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81771099);四川大学华西口腔医院临床队列研究项目(No.LCYJ2019-4)资助。

摘　　要：牙龈上皮屏障是抵御致病菌侵入牙周组织的第一道防线,与牙周疾病的发生发展密切相关。牙周致病菌及其感染炎症微环境可通过下调粒状头样蛋白家族蛋白表达,以及上调上皮连接蛋白编码基因启动子甲基化水平等相关分子机制,抑制牙龈上皮连接蛋白表达,破坏牙龈上皮屏障功能,促进牙周炎的发生发展。本文就细菌及其感染后诱导产生的炎症因子对牙龈上皮细胞间连接的影响以及相关机制等方面对近年来牙龈上皮细胞间连接与牙周致病菌关系的研究进展作一综述。当前研究多集中于单一细菌感染的体外细胞学实验与动物模型研究。我们建议,建立牙龈上皮类器官研究模型,采用多组学研究技术与高分辨三维电镜成像,有望进一步锁定驱动牙周微生态失衡、导致牙龈上皮屏障功能破坏的核心微生物及其关键致病毒力因子,揭示参与牙龈上皮屏障功能维持和破坏的关键细胞分子机制,为牙周炎的发病机制与临床防治提供新的思路。Gingival epithelial barrier is the first line of defense of periodontal tissues against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.The destruction of gingival epithelial barrier is closely related to the development of periodontal disease.Studies have shown that periodontal pathogenic bacteria and their inflammatory microenvironment can inhibit the expression of gingival epithelial junctional proteins via molecular mechanisms such as the downregulation of the expression of grainyhead-like protein family and the upregulation of the methylation level of gene promoter of epithelial connexin,and thus cause damage to the gingival epithelial barrier and the development of periodontitis.We herein reviewed the effects of bacteria and inflammatory factors induced by bacterial infection on gingival epithelial intercellular junctions and related mechanisms,and summarized the research progress on the relationship between gingival epithelial intercellular junctions and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in recent years.Most recent studies were focused on in vitro cytological experiments and animal models of infections caused by a single kind of bacterium.We have suggested that building gingival epithelial organoid model and combining multi-omics approaches with high resolution three-dimensional electron microscopy are expected to help pinpoint the key microorganisms and their most important virulence factors that trigger periodontal microecologcal imbalance and cause functional damage to the gingival epithelial barrier,to reveal the key molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance and destruction of gingival epithelial barrier function,and to provide new perspectives on the pathogenesis and the clinical prevention and treatment of periodontitis.

关 键 词：牙周炎 牙龈上皮屏障 细胞间连接 牙周致病菌 

分 类 号：R781.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]